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Global infrastructure robustness and local transport efficiency are critical requirements for transportation networks. However, since passengers often travel greedily to maximize their own benefit and trigger traffic jams, overall…

In rapidly sprawling urban areas and booming intercity express rail networks, efficiently designed feeder bus systems are more essential than ever to transport passengers to and from trunk-line rail terminals. When the feeder service region…

Ride-sharing may substantially contribute to future-compliant sustainable mobility, both in urban and rural areas. The service quality of ride-sharing fleets jointly depends on the topology of the underlying street networks, the…

The recent discovery of universal principles underlying many complex networks occurring across a wide range of length scales in the biological world has spurred physicists in trying to understand such features using techniques from…

We study network design with a cost structure motivated by redundancy in data traffic. We are given a graph, g groups of terminals, and a universe of data packets. Each group of terminals desires a subset of the packets from its respective…

We study the role of geography in R&D networks by means of a quantitative, micro-geographic approach. Using a large database that covers international R&D collaborations from 1984 to 2009, we localize each actor precisely in space through…

Circuity, the ratio of network distances to straight-line distances, is an important measure of urban street network structure and transportation efficiency. Circuity results from a circulation network's configuration, planning, and…

We propose a new method for quantitative characterization of spatial network-like patterns with loops, such as surface fracture patterns, leaf vein networks and patterns of urban streets. Such patterns are not well characterized by purely…

Distribution systems hold a very significant position in the power system since it is the main point of link between bulk power and consumers. A planned and effective distribution network is the key to cope up with the ever increasing…

Network sampling is a crucial technique for analyzing large or partially observable networks. However, the effectiveness of different sampling methods can vary significantly depending on the context. In this study, we empirically compare…

A network is a typical expressive form of representing complex systems in terms of vertices and links, in which the pattern of interactions amongst components of the network is intricate. The network can be static that does not change over…

We present a method to extract temporal hypergraphs from sequences of 2-dimensional functions obtained as solutions to Optimal Transport problems. We investigate optimality principles exhibited by these solutions from the point of view of…

Networks are structures that pervade many natural and man-made phenomena. Recent findings have characterized many networks as not random structures, but as efficent complex formations. Current research has examined complex networks as…

We numerically investigate that optimal robust onion-like networks can emerge even with the constraint of surface growth in supposing a spatially embedded transportation or communication system. To be onion-like, moderately long links are…

A generic flow distribution network typically does not deliver its load at a uniform rate across a service area, instead oversupplying regions near the nutrient source while leaving downstream regions undersupplied. In this work we…

The application of the network approach to the urban case poses several questions in terms of how to deal with metric distances, what kind of graph representation to use, what kind of measures to investigate, how to deepen the correlation…

Bayesian networks are probabilistic graphical models often used in big data analytics. The problem of exact structure learning is to find a network structure that is optimal under certain scoring criteria. The problem is known to be NP-hard…

Paths are important structural elements in complex networks because they are finite (unlike walks), related to effective node coverage (minimum spanning trees), and can be understood as being dual to star connectivity. This article…

We present an analysis of the topologies of a class of networks which are optimal in terms of the requirements of having as short a route as possible between any two nodes while yet keeping the congestion in the network as low as possible.…

Consider the continuum of points along the edges of a network, i.e., a connected, undirected graph with positive edge weights. We measure the distance between these points in terms of the weighted shortest path distance, called the network…