相关论文: Spin currents in thermodynamic equilibrium?
The conventional definition of spin current is incomplete and unphysical in describing spin transport in systems with spin-orbit coupling. A proper and measurable spin current is established in this study, which fits well into the standard…
The spin-orbit coupling systems with a zero magnetic field is studied under the equilibrium situation, {\it i.e.}, without a voltage bias. A persistent spin current is predicted to exist under most circumstances, although the persistent…
In Maxwellian electrodynamics, specific properties of the responses to external fields are included in constitutive equations. For noncentrosymmetric semiconductors, spin conductivity can be expressed in terms of the contribution of…
We investigate the persistent spin currents in one- and two-dimensional electron systems with spin-orbit interaction in thermodynamics equilibrium at absolute zero temperature. The persistent spin current is the intrinsic one which is…
The present review analyzes and compares various types of dissipationless spin transport: (1) Superfluid transport, when the spin-current state is a metastable state (a local but not the absolute minimum in the parameter space). (2)…
We find that in order to completely describe the spin transport, apart from spin current (or linear spin current), one has to introduce the angular spin current. The two spin currents respectively describe the translational and rotational…
For an electron, a spin-1/2 particle, the spin charge $\mathbf{s}$, a real pseudovector with constant length, could determine the spin polarization properties in quantum mechanics. Since spin density $\rho_{\mathbf{s}}$ could be expressed…
Superconductors are famously capable of supporting persistent electrical currents, that is, currents that flow without any measurable decay as long as the material is kept in the superconducting state. We introduce here a class of materials…
The existence of spin-currents in absence of any driving external fields is commonly considered an exotic phenomenon appearing only in quantum materials, such as topological insulators. We demonstrate instead that equilibrium spin currents…
In this work we employ a field theoretical approach to explain the nature of the non-conserved spin current in spintronics. In particular, we consider the usual U(1) gauge theory for the electromagnetism at classical level in order to…
When time-reversal symmetry is broken, quantum coherent systems with and without spin rotational symmetry exhibit the same universal behavior in their electric transport properties. We show that spin transport discriminates between these…
We investigate two closely related subjects: (i) existence of a pure persistent spin current in semiconducting mesoscopic device with a spin-orbit interaction's (SOI), and (ii) the definition of the spin current in the presence of SOI.…
The superconducting version of a diode effect has been the subject of extensive research in the past few years. So far, the focus has almost exclusively been on charge transport, but a natural question is whether it is possible to obtain…
We investigate persistent charge and spin currents in a magnetic quantum ring threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm flux, in the presence of a side-coupled one-dimensional non-magnetic chain. The neighboring magnetic moments in the ring are arranged…
A system exhibiting multiple simultaneously broken symmetries offers the opportunity to influence physical phenomena such as tunneling currents by means of external control parameters. Time-reversal symmetry and inversion symmetry are both…
We demonstrate that weak external magnetic fields generate dissipationless spin currents in the ground state of systems with spiral magnetic order. Our conclusions are based on phenomenological considerations and on microscopic mean-field…
We find that in order to completely describe the spin transport, apart from spin current (or linear spin current), one has to introduce the angular spin current. The two spin currents respectively describe the translational and rotational…
In magnets with non-collinear spin configuration the expectation value of the conventionally defined spin current operator contains a contribution which renormalizes an external magnetic field and hence affects only the precessional motion…
Intrinsic spin currents are encountered in noncentrosymmetric crystals without any external electric fields; these currents are caused by spin-orbit interaction. In this paper, various theoretical aspects of this phenomenon in bulk…
We consider spin-polarized transport in a quantum spin Hall antidot system coupled to normal leads. Due to the helical nature of the conducting edge states, the screening potential at the dot region becomes spin dependent without external…