相关论文: The classical nucleation rate in two dimensions

We estimate bubble-nucleation rates for cosmological phase transitions. We concentrate on the evaluation of the pre-exponential factor, for which we give approximate analytical expressions. Our approach relies on the use of a real…

Vacuum bubbles nucleate at rest with a certain critical size and subsequently expand. But what selects the rest frame of nucleation? This question has been recently addressed in [1] in the context of Schwinger pair production in 1+1…

First order phase transitions proceed via nucleation. The rate of nucleation varies exponentially with the free-energy barrier to nucleation, and so is highly sensitive to variations in this barrier. In practice, very few systems are…

Analytical formulas for the excitation energies as well as for the electric quadrupole reduced transition probabilities in the ground, beta and gamma bands were derived within the coherent state model for the near vibrational and well…

Homogeneous nucleation and growth in a simplest two-dimensional phase field model is numerically studied using the cell dynamics method. Whole process from nucleation to growth is simulated and is shown to follow closely the…

Two equations for the calculation of the critical energy required for homogeneous nucleation in a superheated liquid, and the related critical radius of the nucleated vapour bubble, are obtained, the former by the direct application of the…

The problem of heterogeneous nucleation of second-phase in alloys in the vicinity of elastic defects is considered. The defect can be a dislocation line or a crack tip residing in a crystalline solid. We use the Ginzburg-Landau equation to…

We study the dynamics of a first-order phase transition in a strongly coupled gauge theory at non-zero temperature and chemical potential, computing nucleation rates and wall speeds from first principles. The gauge theory is the…

A new model of quantum mechanics, Classical Quantum Mechanics, is based on the (nearly heretical) postulate that electrons are physical objects that obey classical physical laws. Indeed, ionization energies, excitation energies etc. are…

Macroscopic models of nucleation provide powerful tools for understanding activated phase transition processes. These models do not provide atomistic insights and can thus sometime lack material-specific descriptions. Here we provide a…

At first order phase transitions the transition proceeds through droplet nucleation and growth. We discuss a lattice method for calculating the droplet nucleation rate, including the complete dynamical factors. The method is especially…

We present experimental evidence for a first-order freezing/melting phase transition in a nonequilibrium system -- an oscillated two-dimensional isobaric granular fluid. The steady-state transition occurs between a gas and a crystal and is…

Metastability is a quintessential feature of first order quantum phase transitions, which is lost either by dynamical instability or by nucleating bubbles of a true vacuum through quantum tunneling. By considering a drive across the first…

We present a gauge-invariant framework for bubble nucleation in theories with radiative symmetry breaking at high temperature. As a procedure, this perturbative framework establishes a practical, gauge-invariant computation of the leading…

Theories with more than one vacuum allow quantum transitions between them, which may proceed via bubble nucleation; theories with more than two vacua posses additional decay modes in which the wall of a bubble may further decay. The…

A quantum critical point is approached by applying pressure in a number of magnetic metals. The observed dependence of Tc on pressure necessarily means that the magnetic energy is coupled to the lattice. A first order phase transition…

The thermodynamics of the electromagnetic radiation from heated nuclei is developed on basis of the Landau theory of a Fermi liquid [1]. The case of non-spherical nuclei is considered, in which the quasiparticle energy spectrum is not…

Noncommutative features are introduced into a relativistic quantum field theory model of nuclear matter, the quantum hadrodynamics-I nuclear model (QHD-I). It is shown that the nuclear matter equation of state (NMEoS) depends on the…

Nucleation is an activated process in which the system has to overcome a free energy barrier in order for a first-order phase transition between the metastable and the stable phases to take place. In the liquid-to-solid transition the…

A second-order quantum phase transition in two-species Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb atoms coupled by a quantized radiant field is revealed explicitly in terms of the energy spectrum which is obtained in the thermodynamic limit and is…