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We generalize the concept of token graphs to obtain supertoken graphs. In the latter case, there can be more than one token in a vertex. We formally define supertoken graphs and establish their basic properties. Moreover, we provide some…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-08 Mónica A. Reyes , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol

Most complex systems can be captured by graphs or networks. Networks connect nodes (e.g.\ neurons) through edges (synapses), thus summarizing the system's structure. A popular way of interrogating graphs is community detection, which…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2024-09-23 Luis F Seoane

We study the superconducting phases of the two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of graphene. We find two spin singlet pairing states, s-wave and an exotic $p+ip$ that is possible because of the special structure of the honeycomb lattice. At…

超导电性 · 物理学 2011-07-12 Bruno Uchoa , A. H. Castro Neto

We propose that constructing a molecule super-lattice on a superconducting ultrathin film is a promising way to manipulate superconductivity in experiment. We theoretically study superconductivity in a molecule graphene system, which is…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2014-12-02 Jin-Hua Gao , Yi Zhou , Fu-Chun Zhang

Networks are a widely used and efficient paradigm to model real-world systems where basic units interact pairwise. Many body interactions are often at play, and cannot be modelled by resorting to binary exchanges. In this work, we consider…

适应与自组织系统 · 物理学 2020-06-03 Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli , Sara Nicoletti

We introduce the idea that the electronic band structure of a charge density wave system may mimic the electronic structure of graphene. In that case a class of materials quite different from graphene might be opened up to exploit…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2017-11-22 John M. Vail , Oscar J. Hernandez , Ming-Su Si , Zhoufei Wang

Moir\'e superlattices in graphene supported on various substrates have opened a new avenue to engineer graphene's electronic properties. Yet, the exact crystallographic structure on which their band structure depends remains highly debated.…

Hypergraphs, increasingly utilised for modelling complex and diverse relationships in modern networks, gain much attention representing intricate higher-order interactions. Among various challenges, cohesive subgraph discovery is one of the…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Song Kim , Dahee Kim , Taejoon Han , Junghoon Kim , Hyun Ji Jeong , Jungeun Kim

A rectangular graphyne sheet is composed of units similar to phenyl rings that are linked by acetylenic chains, as in hexagonal $\gamma$-graphyne. This system is organized over a rectangular lattice similar to that of the recently…

As data structures and mathematical objects used for complex systems modeling, hypergraphs sit nicely poised between on the one hand the world of network models, and on the other that of higher-order mathematical abstractions from algebra,…

Using first principles calculations, we studied a new class of graphdiyne nanoribbons (GDYNR) with open hexagonal rings on the edges.To avoid the effects from dangling bond, hydrogen or oxygen atoms were absorbed on the edges. There are two…

材料科学 · 物理学 2017-09-12 Cong Chen , Jin Li , Xian-Lei Sheng

Spatial dependency and spatial embedding are basic physical properties of many phenomena modeled by networks. The most indicated computational environment to deal with spatial information is to use Georeferenced Information System (GIS) and…

Recently, neural network architectures have been developed to accommodate when the data has the structure of a graph or, more generally, a hypergraph. While useful, graph structures can be potentially limiting. Hypergraph structures in…

代数拓扑 · 数学 2020-12-14 Eric Bunch , Qian You , Glenn Fung , Vikas Singh

Electronic structures of graphene sheet with different defective patterns are investigated, based on the first principles calculations. We find that defective patterns can tune the electronic structures of the graphene significantly.…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2015-05-19 H. Y. He , Y. Zhang , B. C. Pan

The density of states, $\varrho(E)$, of graphene is investigated within the tight binding (H\"uckel) approximation in the presence of vacancies. They induce a non-vanishing density of zero modes, $n_\text{zm}$, that act as midgap states:…

无序系统与神经网络 · 物理学 2016-08-31 Norman Weik , Johannes Schindler , Soumya Bera , Gemma C. Solomon , Ferdinand Evers

G\'abor Elek introduced the notion of a hyperfinite graph family: a collection of graphs is hypefinite if for every $\epsilon>0$ there is some finite $k$ such that each graph $G$ in the collection can be broken into connected components of…

概率论 · 数学 2007-11-27 Oded Schramm

Motivated by very large-scale communication networks, we newly introduce exponentiation of graphs. Using the exponential operation on graphs, we can construct various graphs of multi-exponential order with logarithmic diameter. We show that…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-01-28 Toru Hasunuma

Highly connected and yet sparse graphs (such as expanders or graphs of high treewidth) are fundamental, widely applicable and extensively studied combinatorial objects. We initiate the study of such highly connected graphs that are, in…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2013-06-17 Prosenjit Bose , Vida Dujmovic , Pat Morin , Michiel Smid

We constructs a new network by superposition of hexahedron , which are scale-free, highly sparse,disassortative ,and maximal planar graphs. The network degree distribution, agglomeration coefficient and degree of correlation are computed…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2021-04-12 Li Haijun , Lu Qingping

In this work, we focus on the fermionic structure of the low-energy excitations of graphene (a monolayer of carbon atoms) to propose a new supersymmetric field-theoretic model for this physical system. In the current literature, other…