相关论文: High Redshift Clusters and Protoclusters
This paper reviews the current status of measurements of galaxy clustering at high redshifts (z > 0.3). The focus is on the inherent limitations in the observation and interpretation of the ``evolution of clustering''. It is likely that…
We have used the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the HST to obtain optical imaging of a sample of 8 galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.8 < z < 1.3. The ACS data provides accurate photometry and the ACS high angular resolution…
I review recent observational progress in the search for and study of distant galaxy clusters in the X-ray band, with particular emphasis on the evolution of the abundance of X-ray clusters out to z~1. Several on-going deep X-ray surveys…
(Abridged) We analyze photometry and spectroscopy of a sample of 63 clusters at 0.3<z<0.9 drawn from the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey to empirically constrain models of cluster galaxy evolution. Specifically, by combining data on our…
We describe the ensemble X-ray properties of high redshift clusters with emphasis on changes with respect to the local population. Cluster X-ray luminosity evolution is detected in five nearly independent surveys. The relevant issue now is…
We explore the structures of protoclusters and their relationship with high redshift clusters using the Millennium Simulation combined with a semi-analytic model. We find that protoclusters are very extended, with 90 per cent of their mass…
Present-day clusters are massive halos containing mostly quiescent galaxies, while distant protoclusters are extended structures containing numerous star-forming galaxies. We investigate the implications of this fundamental change in a…
Globular clusters will be present at high redshifts, near the very beginning of the galaxy formation process. Stellar evolution ensures that they will be much more luminous than today. We show that the redshift distribution at nano-Jansky…
Using three newly identified galaxy clusters at z~1 (photometric redshift) we measure the evolution of the galaxies within clusters from high redshift to the present day by studying the growth of the red cluster sequence. The clusters are…
We present a description of the observations and data reduction procedures for an extensive spectroscopic and multi-band photometric study of nine high redshift, optically-selected cluster candidates. The primary goal of the survey is to…
We report on the first results from a redshift survey of a flux-limited sample of X-ray clusters selected serendipitously from the ROSAT PSPC data archive. We spectroscopically confirm 15 clusters in the range 0.3 < z < 0.7, to a flux limit…
High redshift galaxy clusters have traditionally been a fruitful place to study galaxy evolution. I review various search strategies for finding clusters at z > 1. Most efforts to date have concentrated on the environments of distant AGN. I…
As the densest galaxy environments in the universe, clusters are vital to our understanding of the role that environment plays in galaxy formation and evolution. Unfortunately, the evolution of high-redshift cluster galaxies is poorly…
High redshift (z >~ 1) clusters are ideal probes to study the formation and evolution of large scale structures and galaxies in the universe. A 10-m class ground based telescope, X-ray observatories (Chandra, XMM-Newton) and HST/ACS are…
Galaxy environment is frequently discussed, but inconsistently defined. It is especially difficult to measure at high redshift where only photometric redshifts are available. With a focus on early forming proto-clusters, we use a…
The study of galaxy protoclusters is beginning to fill in unknown details of the important phase of the assembly of clusters and cluster galaxies. This review describes the current status of this field and highlights promising recent…
Distant clusters of galaxies provide a powerful method to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, and large scale structure of the Universe. However, the number of known clusters at high redshift (z> 0.5) is still very reduced. As a…
Galaxy clusters at high redshift present a superb opportunity to study galaxy evolution, with large galaxy samples at fixed distances. Several lines of evidence point towards large formation redshifts and passive evolution for cluster…
I review progress in understanding the evolution of normal field and cluster galaxies through the combination of HST imaging and ground-based spectroscopy. These data suggest that the bulk of the star formation producing the present-day…
Galaxy clusters are the largest structures in Universe. They are very important as both cosmological probes and astrophysical laboratories. Several methods have been developed to detect galaxy clusters with different techniques (optical,…