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In the external shock model, gamma-ray burst (GRB) emissions are produced by the energization and deceleration of a thin relativistic blast wave due to its interactions with the circumburst medium (CBM). We study the physical properties of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Charles D. Dermer , Markus Boettcher , J. Chiang

A fraction of gamma-ray bursts exhibit distinct spectral features in their prompt emission below few 10s of keV that exceed simple extrapolations of the low-energy power-law portion of the Band spectral model. This is also true for the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-05-20 Katsuaki Asano , Susumu Inoue , Peter Meszaros

We discuss the prompt emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts in different spectral energy bands. First, we suggest that a three-part synchrotron emission model is a good description of the ~20 keV - 1 MeV gamma-ray emission of GRBs. We show that this…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning

The jet opening angle of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is an important parameter for determining the characteristics of the progenitor, and the information contained in the opening angle gives insight into the relativistic outflow and the total…

It is widely accepted that the prompt transient signal in the 10 keV - 10 GeV band from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) arises from multiple shocks internal to the ultra-relativistic expansion. The detailed understanding of the dissipation and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-05-18 Matthew G. Baring

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are emitted by relativistic ejecta from powerful cosmic explosions. Their light curves suggest that the gamma-ray emission occurs at early stages of the ejecta expansion, well before it decelerates in the ambient…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-06 Andrei M. Beloborodov

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are widely suggested as potential sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). The kinetic energy of the jets dissipates, leading to the production of an enormous amount of $\gamma$-ray photons and possibly also…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-01-17 Xing-Fu Zhang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Hai-Ming Zhang , Yi-Yun Huang , B. Theodore Zhang , Xiang-Yu Wang

The mechanism responsible for the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still a debated issue. The prompt phase-related GRB correlations can allow to discriminate among the most plausible theoretical models explaining this emission.…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-02-01 Maria Dainotti , Roberta Del Vecchio , Mariusz Tarnopolski

Information on the spectral shape of prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRB) is mostly available only at energies $\gtrsim10$ keV, where the main instruments for GRB detection are sensitive. The origin of this emission is still very…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-14 Gor Oganesyan , Lara Nava , Giancarlo Ghirlanda , Andrea Melandri , Annalisa Celotti

Early X-ray emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) traces the transition between the prompt emission and the afterglow radiation, and its rapid flux decline is often interpreted as the tail of the prompt emission. As such, it can offer…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-04-08 Annarita Ierardi , Gor Oganesyan , Stefano Ascenzi , Marica Branchesi , Biswajit Banerjee , Samuele Ronchini

We present time-resolved spectral analysis of the steep decay segments of 29 bright X-ray flares of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed with the Swift/X-ray telescope, and model their lightcurves and spectral index evolution behaviors with the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-12-23 Hui-Jun Mu , Da-Bin Lin , Shao-Qiang Xi , Ting-Ting Lin , Yuan-Zhu Wang , Yun-Feng Liang , Lian-Zhong Lv , Jin Zhang , En-Wei Liang

The prompt emission mechanism of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) even after several decades remains a mystery. However, it is believed that correlations between observable GRB properties given their huge luminosity/radiated energy and redshift…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-04-25 Maria Dainotti

While Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have the potential to shed light on the astrophysics of jets, compact objects, and cosmology, a major set back in their use as probes of these phenomena stems from our incomplete knowledge surrounding their…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-08-12 Tyler Parsotan , Davide Lazzati

The physical origin of prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains an open question since it has been studied more than half a century. Three alternative models (i.e. dissipative photosphere, internal shock, and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-11-27 Yang-Dong-Jun Ou , Hou-Jun Lü , Jia-Ming Chen , Ben-Yang Zhu , En-Wei Liang

The origin of prompt emission in $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) is highly debated topic. The observed spectra are supposed to play a crucial role in constraining the location of the emitting region, the strength of the magnetic field and the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-06-26 Gor Oganesyan

The prompt gamma-ray emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) is currently interpreted in terms of radiation from electrons accelerated in internal shocks in a relativistic fireball. On the other hand, the origin of the prompt (and early…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2019-08-14 Didier Barret

The prompt gamma-ray emission in gamma-ray bursts is believed to be produced by internal shocks within a relativistic unsteady outflow. The recent detection of prompt optical emission accompanying the prompt gamma-ray emission appears to be…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Zhuo Li , Eli Waxman

The prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (hereafter GRBs) probably comes from a highly relativistic wind which converts its kinetic energy into radiation via the formation of shocks within the wind itself. Such "internal shocks" can occur if…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Frederic Daigne , Robert Mochkovitch

An intriguing hypothesis, that there exists a decaying X-ray emission component before the GRB trigger, has been suggested in order to explain the shallow decay phase of the X-ray afterglow detected in many Swift GRBs. If this "prior…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Tesla Birnbaum , Bing Zhang , Bin-Bin Zhang , En-Wei Liang

X-ray emission can provide a crucial diagnostic of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We calculate the X-ray and gamma-ray spectra of impulsive acceleration episodes related to GRB pulses. We use the synchrotron shock model (SSM) as a basis of our…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-28 M. Tavani