相关论文: Historical Sunspot Observations: A Review

We summarize the fifty-year concerted effort to place the "activity" of the Sun in the context of the stars. As a working definition of solar activity in the context of stars, we adopt those globally-observable variations on time scales…

The paper shows the recurrence and cross recurrence plots of three time series, concerning data of the solar activity. The data are the sunspot number and the values of solar radio flux at 10.7 cm and of solar total irradiance, which are…

Some active stars show a so-called flip-flop phenomenon in which the main spot activity periodically switches between two active longitudes that are 180 degrees apart. In this paper we study the flip-flop phenomenon by converting results…

The possibilities of organizing an observation service for solar activity in order to provide space weather forecasting are considered. The most promising at this stage is the creation of a ground-based observation network. Such a network…

We investigated the Korean records of naked-eye sunspot observations and found an implication of periodicity of about 200-year. Adding the Chinese records we showed that the historical naked-eye sunspot observations have the similar…

In recent years solar oscillations have been studied in great detail, both observationally and theoretically; so, perhaps, the Sun currently is the best understood pulsating star. The observational studies include long, almost uninterrupted…

Full-disk observations of the Sun in the Ca II K line have been carried out since the late 19th century at various observatories worldwide. These long-term records of solar activity are crucial for reducing discrepancies among solar…

Catalogues of sunspots have been available with useful information about sunspots or sunspot groups for approximately the last 150 years. However, the task of merging these catalogues is not simple. In this paper, a method is suggested of…

The areas of sunspots are the most prominent feature of the development of sunspot groups. Since the size of sunspot areas depend on the strength of the magnetic field, accurate measurements of these areas are important. In this study, a…

Heliographic coordinates are used to identify the positions of solar features, especially the sunspot groups on the Sun's surface. Tracking the positions of sunspot groups provides information about solar rotation and the movement behavior…

Doppler Imaging of starspots on young solar analogues is a way to investigate the early history of solar magnetic activity by proxy. Doppler images of young G-dwarfs have yielded the presence of large polar spots, extending to moderate…

Solar irradiance measurements are limited to the last few decades, requiring reconstructions to assess solar variability on longer timescales and its impact on Earth's climate. We present the first physics-based reconstruction of total…

Observations of a large solar flare of December 13, 2006, using Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on Hinode spacecraft revealed high-frequency oscillations excited by the flare in the sunspot chromosphere. These oscillations are observed in the…

Long-lived (>20 days) sunspot groups extracted from the Greenwich Photo- heliographic Results (GPR) are examined for evidence of decadal change. The problem of identifying sunspot groups which are observed on consecutive solar rotations…

Prediction of solar activity cycles is challenging because physical processes inside the Sun involve a broad range of multiscale dynamics that no model can reproduce and because the available observations are highly limited and cover mostly…

In a recent paper (Usoskin et al., 2002a), we have reconstructed the concentration of the cosmogenic $^{10}$Be isotope in ice cores from the measured sunspot numbers by using physical models for $^{10}$Be production in the Earth's…

The polar magnetic field of the Sun is a manifestation of certain aspects of the dynamo process and is a good precursor for predicting a sunspot cycle before its onset. Although actual synoptic measurements of this field exist only from the…

This article reviews some of the leading results obtained in solar dynamo physics by using temporal oscillator models as a tool to interpret observational data and dynamo model predictions. We discuss how solar observational data such as…

In September 1777, Ru{\dj}er Bo\v{s}kovi\'c observed sunspots for six days. Based on these measurements, he used his own methods to calculate the elements of the solar rotation, the longitude of the node, the inclination of the solar…

Solar astrometry deals with the accurate measumerent of the solar diameter, and in general with the measurement of the shape of the Sun. During the last decades several techniques have been developed to monitor the radius and the irradiance…