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Beyond Atomic Geometry Representations in Materials Science: A Human-in-the-Loop Multimodal Framework

Most materials science datasets are limited to atomic geometries (e.g., XYZ files), restricting their utility for multimodal learning and comprehensive data-centric analysis. These constraints have historically impeded the adoption of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Can Polat , Erchin Serpedin , Mustafa Kurban , Hasan Kurban

Characterizing localized surface plasmons using electron energy-loss spectroscopy

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) offers a window to view nanoscale properties and processes. When performed in a scanning transmission electron microscope, EELS can simultaneously render images of nanoscale objects with…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2016-09-26 Charles Cherqui , Niket Thakkar , Guoliang Li , Jon P. Camden , David Masiello

Achieving Diversity in Objective Space for Sample-efficient Search of Multiobjective Optimization Problems

Efficiently solving multi-objective optimization problems for simulation optimization of important scientific and engineering applications such as materials design is becoming an increasingly important research topic. This is due largely to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-27 Eric Hans Lee , Bolong Cheng , Michael McCourt

Adaptive optics design status of MAORY, the MCAO system of European ELT

MAORY is the Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY for the European ELT aimed at providing a 1 arcmin corrected field to MICADO, a near-infrared spectro-imager with a focus on astrometry. In this paper we re-view the main requirements and…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-01-01 Lorenzo Busoni , Guido Agapito , Cedric Plantet , Sylvain Oberti , Christophe Verinaud , Miska Le Louarn , Simone Esposito , Paolo Ciliegi

MCAO for the European Solar Telescope: first results

We analise the efficiency of wavefront reconstruction in the MultiConjugate Adaptive Optics system for the European Solar Telescope (EST). We present preliminary results derived from numerical simulations. We study a 4 meter class telescope…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2009-12-15 M. Stangalini , R. Piazzesi , D. Del Moro , F. Berrilli

ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science goals, project overview and future developments

The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2024-07-23 A. Marconi , M. Abreu , V. Adibekyan , V. Alberti , S. Albrecht , J. Alcaniz , M. Aliverti , C. Allende Prieto , J. D. Alvarado Gómez , C. S. Alves , P. J. Amado , M. Amate , M. I. Andersen , S. Antoniucci , E. Artigau , C. Bailet , C. Baker , V. Baldini , A. Balestra , S. A. Barnes , F. Baron , S. C. C. Barros , S. M. Bauer , M. Beaulieu , O. Bellido-Tirado , B. Benneke , T. Bensby , E. A. Bergin , P. Berio , K. Biazzo , L. Bigot , A. Bik , J. L. Birkby , N. Blind , O. Boebion , I. Boisse , E. Bolmont , J. S. Bolton , M. Bonaglia , X. Bonfils , L. Bonhomme , F. Borsa , J. -C. Bouret , A. Brandeker , W. Brandner , C. H. Broeg , M. Brogi , D. Brousseau , A. Brucalassi , J. Brynnel , L. A. Buchhave , D. F. Buscher , L. Cabona , A. Cabral , G. Calderone , R. Calvo-Ortega , F. Cantalloube , B. L. Canto Martins , L. Carbonaro , Y. Caujolle , G. Chauvin , B. Chazelas , A. -L. Cheffot , Y. S. Cheng , A. Chiavassa , L. Christensen , R. Cirami , M. Cirasuolo , N. J. Cook , R. J. Cooke , I. Coretti , S. Covino , N. Cowan , G. Cresci , S. Cristiani , V. Cunha Parro , G. Cupani , V. D'Odorico , K. Dadi , I. de Castro Leão , A. De Cia , J. R. De Medeiros , F. Debras , M. Debus , A. Delorme , O. Demangeon , F. Derie , M. Dessauges-Zavadsky , P. Di Marcantonio , S. Di Stefano , F. Dionies , A. Domiciano de Souza , R. Doyon , J. Dunn , S. Egner , D. Ehrenreich , J. P. Faria , D. Ferruzzi , C. Feruglio , M. Fisher , A. Fontana , B. S. Frank , C. Fuesslein , M. Fumagalli , T. Fusco , J. Fynbo , O. Gabella , W. Gaessler , E. Gallo , X. Gao , L. Genolet , M. Genoni , P. Giacobbe , E. Giro , R. S. Goncalves , O. A. Gonzalez , J. I. González Hernández , C. Gouvret , F. Gracia Temich , M. G. Haehnelt , C. Haniff , A. Hatzes , R. Helled , H. J. Hoeijmakers , I. Hughes , P. Huke , Y. Ivanisenko , A. S. Järvinen , S. P. Järvinen , A. Kaminski , J. Kern , J. Knoche , A. Kordt , H. Korhonen , A. J. Korn , D. Kouach , G. Kowzan , L. Kreidberg , M. Landoni , A. A. Lanotte , A. Lavail , B. Lavie , D. Lee , M. Lehmitz , J. Li , W. Li , J. Liske , C. Lovis , S. Lucatello , D. Lunney , M. J. MacIntosh , N. Madhusudhan , L. Magrini , R. Maiolino , J. Maldonado , L. Malo , A. W. S. Man , T. Marquart , C. M. J. Marques , E. L. Marques , P. Martinez , A. Martins , C. J. A. P. Martins , J. H. C. Martins , P. Maslowski , C. A. Mason , E. Mason , R. A. McCracken , M. A. F. Melo e Sousa , P. Mergo , G. Micela , D. Milaković , P. Molliere , M. A. Monteiro , D. Montgomery , C. Mordasini , J. Morin , A. Mucciarelli , M. T. Murphy , M. N'Diaye , N. Nardetto , B. Neichel , N. Neri , A. T. Niedzielski , E. Niemczura , B. Nisini , L. Nortmann , P. Noterdaeme , N. J. Nunes , L. Oggioni , F. Olchewsky , E. Oliva , H. Onel , L. Origlia , G. Ostlin , N. N. -Q. Ouellette , E. Palle , P. Papaderos , G. Pariani , L. Pasquini , J. Peñate Castro , F. Pepe , C. Peroux , L. Perreault Levasseur , S. Perruchot , P. Petit , O. Pfuhl , L. Pino , J. Piqueras , N. Piskunov , A. Pollo , K. Poppenhaeger , M. Porru , J. Puschnig , A. Quirrenbach , E. Rauscher , R. Rebolo , E. M. A. Redaelli , S. Reffert , D. T. Reid , A. Reiners , P. Richter , M. Riva , S. Rivoire , C. Rodriguez-López , I. U. Roederer , D. Romano , M. Roth , S. Rousseau , J. Rowe , A. Saccardi , S. Salvadori , N. Sanna , N. C. Santos , P. Santos Diaz , J. Sanz-Forcada , M. Sarajlic , J. -F. Sauvage , D. Savio , A Scaudo , S. Schäfer , R. P. Schiavon , T. M. Schmidt , C. Selmi , R. Simoes , A. Simonnin , S. Sivanandam , M. Sordet , R. Sordo , F. Sortino , D. Sosnowska , S. G. Sousa , A. Spang , R. Spiga , E. Stempels , J. R. Y. Stevenson , K. G. Strassmeier , A. Suárez Mascareño , A. Sulich , X. Sun , N. R. Tanvir , F. Tenegi-Sangines , S. Thibault , S. J. Thompson , P. Tisserand , A. Tozzi , M. Turbet , J. -P. Veran , P. Vallee , I. Vanni , R. Varas , A. Vega-Moreno , K. A. Venn , A. Verma , J. Vernet , M. Viel , G. Wade , C. Waring , M. Weber , J. Weder , B. Wehbe , J. Weingrill , M. Woche , M. Xompero , E. Zackrisson , A. Zanutta , M. R. Zapatero Osorio , M. Zechmeister , J. Zimara

The ocean worlds science case for the Pollux spectropolarimeter

Pollux is a candidate European instrument contribution to the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO), designed to advance our understanding of the formation and evolution of cosmic structures in the universe, and specifically search signs of…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2026-03-13 Vincent Hue , Bilal Benmahi , Mathieu Barthelemy , Tracy M. Becker , Jean-Claude Bouret , Richard J. Cartwright , Jean-Yves Chaufray , Luca Fossati , Gabriel Giono , Olivier Poch , Ujjwal Raut , Lorenz Roth

LIC and LID considerations in the design and implementation of the MEMS laser pointing mechanism for the EUSO UV laser altimeter

The EUSO (Extreme Universe Space Observatory) project is developing a new mission concept for the scientific research of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) from space. The EUSO wide-field telescope will look down from space onto the…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2016-10-12 Enrico Bozzo , Thomas Burch , Alessandra Ciapponi , Clemens Heese , Arno Hoogerwerf , Nicholas Lan , Andrii Neronov , Vincent Revol , Ross Stanley

EELT-HIRES the high-resolution spectrograph for the E-ELT

The first generation of E-ELT instruments will include an optical-infrared High Resolution Spectrograph, conventionally indicated as EELT-HIRES, which will be capable of providing unique breakthroughs in the fields of exoplanets, star and…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2016-12-14 A. Marconi , P. Di Marcantonio , V. D'Odorico , S. Cristiani , R. Maiolino , E. Oliva , L. Origlia , M. Riva , L. Valenziano , F. M. Zerbi , M. Abreu , V. Adibekyan , C. Allende Prieto , P. J. Amado , W. Benz , I. Boisse , X. Bonfils , F. Bouchy , L. Buchhave , D. Buscher , A. Cabral , B. L. Canto Martins , A. Chiavassa , J. Coelho , L. B. Christensen , E. Delgado-Mena , J. R. De Medeiros , I. Di Varano , P. Figueira , M. Fisher , J. P. U. Fynbo , A. C. H. Glasse , M. Haehnelt , C. Haniff , C. J. Hansen , A. Hatzes , P. Huke , A. J. Korn , I. C. Leao , J. Liske , C. Lovis , P. Maslowski , I. Matute , R. A. McCracken , C. J. A. P. Martins , M. J. P. F. G. Monteiro , S. Morris , T. Morris , H. Nicklas , A. Niedzielski , N. J. Nunes , E. Palle , P. Parr-Burman , V. Parro , I. Parry , F. Pepe , N. Piskunov , D. Queloz , A. Quirrenbach , R. Rebolo Lopez , A. Reiners , D. T. Reid , N. Santos , W. Seifert , S. Sousa , H. C. Stempels , K. Strassmeier , X. Sun , S. Udry , L. Vanzi , M. Vestergaard , M. Weber , E. Zackrisson

The Simons Observatory: Science Goals and Forecasts for the Enhanced Large Aperture Telescope

We describe updated scientific goals for the wide-field, millimeter-wave survey that will be produced by the Simons Observatory (SO). Significant upgrades to the 6-meter SO Large Aperture Telescope (LAT) are expected to be complete by 2028,…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-08-11 The Simons Observatory Collaboration , M. Abitbol , I. Abril-Cabezas , S. Adachi , P. Ade , A. E. Adler , P. Agrawal , J. Aguirre , Z. Ahmed , S. Aiola , T. Alford , A. Ali , D. Alonso , M. A. Alvarez , R. An , K. Arnold , P. Ashton , Z. Atkins , J. Austermann , S. Azzoni , C. Baccigalupi , A. Baleato Lizancos , D. Barron , P. Barry , J. Bartlett , N. Battaglia , R. Battye , E. Baxter , A. Bazarko , J. A. Beall , R. Bean , D. Beck , S. Beckman , J. Begin , A. Beheshti , B. Beringue , T. Bhandarkar , S. Bhimani , F. Bianchini , E. Biermann , S. Biquard , B. Bixler , S. Boada , D. Boettger , B. Bolliet , J. R. Bond , J. Borrill , J. Borrow , C. Braithwaite , T. L. R. Brien , M. L. Brown , S. M. Bruno , S. Bryan , R. Bustos , H. Cai , E. Calabrese , V. Calafut , F. M. Carl , A. Carones , J. Carron , A. Challinor , P. Chanial , N. Chen , K. Cheung , B. Chiang , Y. Chinone , J. Chluba , H. S. Cho , S. K. Choi , M. Chu , J. Clancy , S. E. Clark , P. Clarke , J. Cleary , D. L. Clements , J. Connors , C. Contaldi , G. Coppi , L. Corbett , N. F. Cothard , W. Coulton , K. D. Crowley , K. T. Crowley , A. Cukierman , J. M. D'Ewart , K. Dachlythra , R. Datta , S. Day-Weiss , T. de Haan , M. Devlin , L. Di Mascolo , S. Dicker , B. Dober , C. Doux , P. Dow , S. Doyle , C. J. Duell , S. M. Duff , A. J. Duivenvoorden , J. Dunkley , D. Dutcher , R. Dünner , M. Edenton , H. El Bouhargani , J. Errard , G. Fabbian , V. Fanfani , G. S. Farren , J. Fergusson , S. Ferraro , R. Flauger , A. Foster , K. Freese , J. C. Frisch , A. Frolov , G. Fuller , N. Galitzki , P. A. Gallardo , J. T. Galvez Ghersi , K. Ganga , J. Gao , X. Garrido , E. Gawiser , M. Gerbino , R. Gerras , S. Giardiello , A. Gill , V. Gilles , U. Giri , E. Gleave , V. Gluscevic , N. Goeckner-Wald , J. E. Golec , S. Gordon , M. Gralla , S. Gratton , D. Green , J. C. Groh , C. Groppi , Y. Guan , N. Gupta , J. E. Guðmundsson , S. Hagstotz , P. Hargrave , S. Haridas , K. Harrington , I. Harrison , M. Hasegawa , M. Hasselfield , V. Haynes , M. Hazumi , A. He , E. Healy , S. W. Henderson , B. S. Hensley , E. Hertig , C. Hervías-Caimapo , M. Higuchi , C. A. Hill , J. C. Hill , G. Hilton , M. Hilton , A. D. Hincks , G. Hinshaw , R. Hložek , A. Y. Q. Ho , S. Ho , S. P. Ho , T. D. Hoang , J. Hoh , E. Hornecker , A. L. Hornsby , S. C. Hotinli , Z. Huang , Z. B. Huber , J. Hubmayr , K. Huffenberger , J. P. Hughes , A. Idicherian Lonappan , M. Ikape , K. Irwin , J. Iuliano , A. H. Jaffe , B. Jain , H. T. Jense , O. Jeong , A. Johnson , B. R. Johnson , M. Johnson , M. Jones , B. Jost , D. Kaneko , E. D. Karpel , Y. Kasai , N. Katayama , B. Keating , B. Keller , R. Keskitalo , J. Kim , T. Kisner , K. Kiuchi , J. Klein , K. Knowles , A. M. Kofman , B. J. Koopman , A. Kosowsky , R. Kou , N. Krachmalnicoff , D. Kramer , A. Krishak , A. Krolewski , A. Kusaka , A. Kusiak , P. La Plante , A. La Posta , A. Laguë , J. Lashner , M. Lattanzi , A. Lee , E. Lee , J. Leech , C. Lessler , J. S. Leung , A. Lewis , Y. Li , Z. Li , M. Limon , L. Lin , M. Link , J. Liu , Y. Liu , J. Lonergan , T. Louis , T. Lucas , M. Ludlam , M. Lungu , M. Lyons , N. MacCrann , A. MacInnis , M. Madhavacheril , D. Mak , F. Maldonado , M. Mallaby-Kay , A. Manduca , A. Mangu , H. Mani , A. S. Maniyar , G. A. Marques , J. Mates , T. Matsumura , P. Mauskopf , A. May , N. McCallum , H. McCarrick , F. McCarthy , M. McCulloch , J. McMahon , P. D. Meerburg , Y. Mehta , J. Melin , J. Meyers , A. Middleton , A. Miller , M. Mirmelstein , K. Moodley , J. Moore , M. Morshed , T. Morton , E. Moser , T. Mroczkowski , M. Murata , M. Münchmeyer , S. Naess , H. Nakata , T. Namikawa , M. Nashimoto , F. Nati , P. Natoli , M. Negrello , S. K. Nerval , L. Newburgh , D. V. Nguyen , A. Nicola , M. D. Niemack , H. Nishino , Y. Nishinomiya , A. Orlando , J. Orlowski-Scherer , L. Pagano , L. A. Page , S. Pandey , A. Papageorgiou , I. Paraskevakos , B. Partridge , R. Patki , M. Peel , K. Perez Sarmiento , F. Perrotta , P. Phakathi , L. Piccirillo , E. Pierpaoli , T. Pinsonneault-Marotte , G. Pisano , D. Poletti , R. Puddu , G. Puglisi , F. J. Qu , M. J. Randall , C. Ranucci , C. Raum , R. Reeves , C. L. Reichardt , M. Remazeilles , Y. Rephaeli , D. Riechers , J. Robe , M. F. Robertson , N. Robertson , K. Rogers , F. Rojas , A. Romero , E. Rosenberg , A. Rotti , S. Rowe , A. Roy , S. Sadeh , N. Sailer , K. Sakaguri , T. Sakuma , Y. Sakurai , M. Salatino , G. H. Sanders , D. Sasaki , M. Sathyanarayana Rao , T. P. Satterthwaite , L. Saunders , L. Scalcinati , E. Schaan , B. Schmitt , M. Schmittfull , N. Sehgal , J. Seibert , Y. Seino , U. Seljak , S. Shaikh , E. Shaw , P. Shellard , B. Sherwin , M. Shimon , J. E. Shroyer , C. Sierra , J. Sievers , C. Sifón , P. Sikhosana , M. Silva-Feaver , S. M. Simon , A. Sinclair , K. Smith , W. Sohn , X. Song , R. F. Sonka , D. Spergel , J. Spisak , S. T. Staggs , G. Stein , J. R. Stevens , R. Stompor , E. Storer , R. Sudiwala , J. Sugiyama , K. M. Surrao , S. Sutariya , A. Suzuki , J. Suzuki , O. Tajima , S. Takakura , A. Takeuchi , I. Tansieri , A. C. Taylor , G. Teply , T. Terasaki , A. Thomas , D. B. Thomas , R. Thornton , H. Trac , T. Tsan , E. Tsang King Sang , C. Tucker , J. Ullom , L. Vacher , L. Vale , A. van Engelen , J. Van Lanen , J. van Marrewijk , D. D. Van Winkle , C. Vargas , E. M. Vavagiakis , I. Veenendaal , C. Vergès , M. Vissers , M. Viña , K. Wagoner , S. Walker , L. Walters , Y. Wang , B. Westbrook , J. Williams , P. Williams , H. Winch , E. J. Wollack , K. Wolz , J. Wong , Z. Xu , K. Yamada , E. Young , B. Yu , C. Yu , M. Zannoni , K. Zheng , N. Zhu , A. Zonca , I. Zubeldia

High-energy Astrophysics and the Virtual Observatory

The Virtual Observatory (VO) will revolutionise the way we do Astronomy by allowing easy access to all astronomical data and by making the handling and analysis of datasets at various locations across the globe much simpler and faster. I…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 P. Padovani

Correcting METIS spectra for telluric absorption to maximize spectral fidelity

METIS is a mid-infrared instrument proposed for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). It is designed to provide imaging and spectroscopic capabilities in the 3 - 14 micron region up to a spectral resolution of 100000. One of the…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2010-10-22 Stefan Uttenthaler , Klaus M. Pontoppidan , Andreas Seifahrt , Sarah Kendrew , Joris A. D. L. Blommaert , Eric J. Pantin , Bernhard R. Brandl , Frank J. Molster , Lars Venema , Rainer Lenzen , Phil Parr-Burman , Ralf Siebenmorgen , the METIS team

The VIRMOS-VLT Deep Survey

The aim of the VIRMOS VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) is to study of the evolution of galaxies, large scale structures and AGNs from a sample of more than 150,000 galaxies with measured redshifts in the range 0<z<5+. The VVDS will rely on the VIMOS…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-06 O. Le Fèvre , G. Vettolani , D. Maccagni , D. Mancini , A. Mazure , Y. Mellier , J. P. Picat , M. Arnaboldi , S. Bardelli , E. Bertin , G. Busarello , A. Cappi , S. Charlot , G. Chincarini , S. Colombi , B. Garilli , L. Guzzo , A. Iovino , V. Le Brun , M. Longhetti , G. Mathez , P. Merluzzi , H. J. McCracken , R. Pellò , L. Pozzetti , M. Radovich , V. Ripepi , P. Saracco , R. Scaramella , M. Scodeggio , L. Tresse , G. Zamorani , E. Zucca

MMLF: Multi-modal Multi-class Late Fusion for Object Detection with Uncertainty Estimation

Autonomous driving necessitates advanced object detection techniques that integrate information from multiple modalities to overcome the limitations associated with single-modal approaches. The challenges of aligning diverse data in early…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Qihang Yang , Yang Zhao , Hong Cheng

Multi-Spectral Imaging via Computed Tomography (MUSIC) - Comparing Unsupervised Spectral Segmentations for Material Differentiation

Multi-spectral computed tomography is an emerging technology for the non-destructive identification of object materials and the study of their physical properties. Applications of this technology can be found in various scientific and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-10-30 Christian Kehl , Wail Mustafa , Jan Kehres , Anders Bjorholm Dahl , Ulrik Lund Olsen

MICADO: the E-ELT Adaptive Optics Imaging Camera

MICADO is the adaptive optics imaging camera for the E-ELT. It has been designed and optimised to be mounted to the LGS-MCAO system MAORY, and will provide diffraction limited imaging over a wide (about 1 arcmin) field of view. For initial…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2015-05-19 R. Davies , MICADO Team

Advancing Object Detection in Transportation with Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs): A Comprehensive Review and Empirical Testing

This study aims to comprehensively review and empirically evaluate the application of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and Large Vision Models (VLMs) in object detection for transportation systems. In the first fold, we provide a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-30 Huthaifa I. Ashqar , Ahmed Jaber , Taqwa I. Alhadidi , Mohammed Elhenawy

WST -- Widefield Spectroscopic Telescope: Motivation, science drivers and top-level requirements for a new dedicated facility

In this paper, we describe the wide-field spectroscopic survey telescope (WST) project. WST is a 12-metre wide-field spectroscopic survey telescope with simultaneous operation of a large field-of-view (3 sq. degree), high-multiplex (20,000)…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2024-06-11 Roland Bacon , Vincenzo Maineiri , Sofia Randich , Andrea Cimatti , Jean-Paul Kneib , Jarle Brinchmann , Richard Ellis , Eline Tolstoi , Rodolfo Smiljanic , Vanessa Hill , Richard Anderson , Paula Sanchez Saez , Cyrielle Opitom , Ian Bryson , Philippe Dierickx , Bianca Garilli , Oscar Gonzalez , Roelof de Jong , David Lee , Steffen Mieske , Angel Otarola , Pietro Schipani , Tony Travouillon , Joel Vernet , Julia Bryant , Marc Casali , Matthew Colless , Warrick Couch , Simon Driver , Adriano Fontana , Matthew Lehnert , Laura Magrini , Ben Montet , Luca Pasquini , Martin Roth , Ruben Sanchez-Janssen , Matthias Steinmetz , Laurence Tresse , Christophe Yeche , Bodo Ziegler

Every Part Matters: Integrity Verification of Scientific Figures Based on Multimodal Large Language Models

This paper tackles a key issue in the interpretation of scientific figures: the fine-grained alignment of text and figures. It advances beyond prior research that primarily dealt with straightforward, data-driven visualizations such as bar…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-29 Xiang Shi , Jiawei Liu , Yinpeng Liu , Qikai Cheng , Wei Lu

An Accessible Method for Simulating Charged-Particle Optics, with Examples for Transmission Electron Microscopy

The transmission electron microscope (TEM) has become an essential tool for innovation in nanoscience, material science, and biology. Despite these instruments being widely used across both industry and academia, academics may hesitate to…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2022-12-07 Patrick McBean , Zachary Milne , Arjun Kanthawar , Cameron O'Byrne , Khalid Hattar , Lewys Jones