相关论文: Dark Energy Stars

We consider a model where both dark energy and dark matter originate from the coupling of a scalar field with a non-conventional kinetic term to, both, a metric measure and a non-metric measure. An interacting dark energy/dark matter…

The dynamics of the universe may be dominated by novel weakly interacting elementary particles, by baryons in an invisible form, by black holes, and globally by vacuum energy. The main arguments for and against such hypotheses are reviewed.

The two apparently distinct phenomena of dark energy (or late-time cosmic acceleration) and quantum gravity dominate physics on extremely low, and extremely high energies, but do not seem to have any apparent empirical connection.…

A physical mechanism that produces three energy components is proposed as the common origin of dark energy and dark matter. The first two have equations of state W ~ 0 and act like dark matter, while the last has W ~ -1 at low redshifts…

Dark matter represents currently an outstanding problem in both cosmology and particle physics. In this review we discuss the possible explanations for dark matter and the experimental observables which can eventually lead to the discovery…

It has, quite recently, become fashionable to study a certain class of holographic-inspired models for the dark energy. These investigations have, indeed, managed to make some significant advances towards explaining the empirical data.…

Cosmological observations allow the possibility that dark energy is caused by phantom fields. These fields typically lead to the occurrence of singularities in the late Universe. We review here the status of phantom singularities and their…

Holographic dark energy models have been recently suggested which most clearly show that accelerating cosmology appears to be incompatible with mathematically consistent formulations of fundamental theories such as string/M theories. In…

The discovery of the acceleration of the rate of expansion of the Universe fosters new explorations of the behavior of gravitation theories in the cosmological context. Either the GR framework is valid but a cosmic component with a negative…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are still an enigma. In particular the central engine, the total energy, and the very narrow distribution of peak energies challenge model builders. Motivated by recent theoretical developments (string theory,…

The descriptions of the quantum realm and the macroscopic classical world differ significantly not only in their mathematical formulations but also in their foundational concepts and philosophical consequences. When and how physical systems…

Towards the goal to quantize gravity, in this short review we discuss an intermediate step which consists in extending the picture of standard General Relativity by considering Extended Theories of Gravity. In this tapestry, the equations…

For physicists, recent developments in astrophysics and cosmology present exciting challenges. We are conducting "experiments" in energy regimes some of which will be probed by accelerators in the near future, and others which are…

Observational evidence of dark energy that makes the Universe nearly flat at the present epoch is very strong. We study the link between spatial continuity and dark energy. We assume that comoving space is a compact 3-manifold of constant…

The dominance of dark energy in the universe has necessitated the introduction of a repulsive gravity source to make q0 negative. The models for dark energy range from a simple lambda-term to quintessence, Chaplygin gas, etc. We look at the…

We consider ideal fluid and equivalent scalar field dark energy universes where all four known types of finite-time, future singularities occur at some parameter values. It is demonstrated that pressure/energy density of such…

The pseudo-complex General Relativity (pc-GR) is further considered. A new projection method is proposed. It is shown, that the pc-GR introduces automatically terms into the system which can be interpreted as dark energy. The modified…

Agegraphic dark energy, has been recently proposed, based on the so-called Karolyhazy uncertainty relation, which arises from quantum mechanics together with general relativity. In the first part of the article we study the original…

Black Holes are possibly the most enigmatic objects in our Universe. From their detection in gravitational waves upon their mergers, to their snapshot eating at the centres of galaxies, black hole astrophysics has undergone an observational…

We construct a new cosmological holographic dark energy scenario based on Loop Quantum Gravity inspired entropy, instead of the standard Bekenstein-Hawking one. The former is an extended black-hole entropy that arises from non-extensive…