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Space and time are central concepts for understanding our World. They are important ingredients at the core of every scientific theory and subject of intense debate in philosophy. Albert Einstein's Special and General theories of Relativity…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2021-08-06 Luciano Combi

Recent astronomical observations of distant supernovae light-curves suggest that the expansion of the universe has recently begun to accelerate. Acceleration is created by an anti-gravitational repulsive stress, like that produced by a…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 John Barrow , Rachel Bean , Joao Magueijo

In the standard cosmological theory one uses the Einstein concepts of space and time as were originally introduced for the special theory of relativity and the general relativity theory. According to this approach all physical quantities…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Moshe Carmeli

General relativity predicts a singularity in the beginning of the universe being called big bang. Recent developments in loop quantum cosmology avoid the singularity and the big bang is replaced by a big bounce. A classical theory of…

综合物理 · 物理学 2011-02-08 Walter Petry

We propose a model universe, in which the dimension of the space is a continuous variable, which can take any real positive number. The dynamics leads to a model in which the universe has no singularity. The difference between our model and…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 M. Khorrami , R. Mansouri , M. Mohazzab , M. R. Ejtehadi

A time-varying cosmological "constant" Lambda is consistent with Einstein's equation, provided matter and/or radiation is created or destroyed to compensate for it. Supposing an empty primordial universe endowed with a very large…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2014-11-17 R. Aldrovandi , J. P. Beltran Almeida , J. G. Pereira

We investigate a class of cosmological solutions of Einstein's field equations in higher dimensions with a cosmological constant and an ideal fluid matter distribution as a source. We discuss the dynamical evolution of the universe subject…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2013-02-15 Ozgur Akarsu , Tekin Dereli

Evolution of a universe with homogeneous extra dimensions is studied with the benefit of a well-chosen parameter space that provides a systematic, useful, and convenient way for analysis. In this model we find a natural evolution pattern…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Je-An Gu , W-Y. P. Hwang , Jr-Wei Tsai

The interpretation of the expanding universe as an expansion of space has recently been challenged. From the geodesic equation in Friedmann universe models and the empty Milne model, we argue that a Newtonian or special relativistic…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Oyvind Gron , Oystein Elgaroy

Although big bang cosmology effectively models even the most puzzling observational data, it offers no insight into why the cosmological expansion should occur at all. In this paper it is suggested that a finite Universe poses particular…

综合物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Alasdair Macleod

In cosmology based on general relativity, the universe is modeled as a fluid. The transition from the Einstein field equation to its large-scale (cosmological) version is thus analogous to the transition, for a system consisting of a large…

综合物理 · 物理学 2018-10-18 Gregory Ryskin

Had Einstein followed the Bianchi differential identity for the derivation of his equation of motion for gravitation, $\Lambda$ would have emerged as a true new constant of spacetime on the same footing as the velocity of light? It is then…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-05-19 Naresh Dadhich

The infinite cosmological "constant" limit of the de Sitter solutions to Einstein's equation is studied. The corresponding spacetime is a singular, four-dimensional cone-space, transitive under proper conformal transformations, which…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-25 R. Aldrovandi , J. P. Beltran Almeida , J. G. Pereira

The concept of the space-time as emerging in the world phase transition, vs. a priori existing, is put forward. The theory of gravity with two basic symmetries, the global affine one and the general covariance, is developed. Implications…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Yu. F. Pirogov

In this paper we construct a physical modelization of the universe expansion. The universe then reduces to a Riemannian space $0.2cm$ $(B(O,R(t)),g_t)$, where $R(t) \sim t$ for $t \gg $0, and $g_t$ is a time - dependent Riemannian metric…

综合物理 · 物理学 2012-10-10 Moukaddem Nazih

There is general agreement that the universe began with an "explosion" of matter and energy at a "singularity", the "Big Bang". This paper analyses the mechanics of that beginning and two alternative theories related to it: - The…

综合物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Roger Ellman

A holistic view of the cosmological appearance and development of space is obtained by studying space as a spherically closed surface of a 4-sphere in a zero energy balance between motion and gravitation. Such an approach re-establishes…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Tuomo Suntola

The 2nd law of thermodynamics is used to shed light on present-day puzzles in cosmology. The universal law, given as an equation of motion, describes diverse systems when consuming free energy via various mechanisms to attain stationary…

综合物理 · 物理学 2012-06-20 Arto Annila

In this article we want to answer the cosmologically relevant question what, with some good semantic and physical reason, could be called the mass of an infinitely extended, homogeneously matter-filled and expanding universe. To answer this…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2016-10-21 H. J. Fahr , Michael Heyl

The contemporary physics has revealed growing evidences that the emergence can be applied to not only biology and condensed matter systems but also gravity and spacetime. We observe that noncommutative spacetime necessarily implies emergent…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2015-04-03 Hyun Seok Yang