相关论文: A Measurement of Secondary Muon Angular Distributi…
Project GRAND is an extensive air shower array of proportional wire chambers. It has 64 stations in a 100m x 100m area; each station has eight planes of proportional wire chambers with a 50 mm steel absorber plate above the bottom two…
Project GRAND has the capability of measuring the angle and identity of single tracks of secondary muons at ground level. The array is comprised of 64 stations each containing eight proportional wire planes with a 50 mm steel absorber plate…
Project GRAND preents a map in right ascension and declination for single cosmic secondary tracks which have been identified as muons. These muons are measured in stations of proportional wire chambers (PWCs) which have a mean angular…
Project GRAND is a 100m x 100m air shower array of position sensitive proportional wire chambers (PWCs) located at 41.7 degrees North and 86.2 degrees West at an elevation of 220m above sea level. Its convenient location adjacent to the…
GRAND is an array of position sensitive proportional wire chambers (PWCs) located at 86.2 degrees W, 41.7 degrees N at an elevation of 220 m adjacent to the campus of the University of Notre Dame with 82 square meters of total muon detector…
Project GRAND observes small variations in the number of incident muons when plotted versus local solar time. The total accumulated number of muons by GRAND over four years' time is ~140 billion. The data obtained by Project GRAND are…
Project GRAND is an extensive air shower array utilizing position sensitive detectors of proportional wire chambers. The 64 detectors deployed in a field 100 m x 100 m are located at 86.2 deg W and 41.7 deg N, at 220 m above sea level. The…
Project GRAND measures the asymmetries of secondary cosmic muons by calculating the differences between the muons from the east and the muons from the west for complete solar days. A similar north-south difference is also presented. These…
Project GRAND, a proportional wire chamber array, is used to examine the increased counting rate of single muons during the solar Ground Level Event (GLE) of April 15, 2001. Data are presented and compared to our background rates and to…
The counting rate of single muon tracks from the Project GRAND proportional wire chamber array is examined during the Ground Level Event (GLE) of April 15, 2001. The GLE was seen by neutron monitor stations shortly after the time of the…
The Ground-Level Event (GLE) associated with the X5.7 solar flare of July 14, 2000 is studied by the Project GRAND proportional wire chamber array. Results are compared to those obtained by the Climax Neutron Monitor experiment which…
Project GRAND, a proportional wire chamber array, is used to examine the decreased counting rate of ground level muons during the Forbush decrease event of September 11, 2005. Data are presented and compared to that of other cosmic ray…
We have analyzed 44.3M single muons collected by MACRO from 1991 through 2000 in 2,145 live days of operation. We have searched for the solar diurnal, apparent sidereal, and pseudo-sidereal modulation of the underground muon rate by…
The high energy gamma ray sources provided by experiment EGRET on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory are examined, testing Project GRAND's ability to detect primary gamma rays by means of studying secondary muons. There is ~1.5% chance that…
The article considers a prototype module with sensitive dimensions of 2 x 0.5 m2 based on 2 m long straw tubes which preserves its geometrical dimensions up to the pressure of 4 bar independently of the ambient temperature and humidity. The…
The GRAND project aims to detect ultra-high-energy neutrinos, cosmic rays and gamma rays, with an array of $200,000$ radio antennas over $200,000\,{\rm km}^2$, split into $\sim 20$ sub-arrays of $\sim 10,000\,{\rm km}^2$ deployed worldwide.…
A tracking detector system has been constructed with an innovative approach to the classical multi-wire proportional chamber concept, using contemporary technologies. The detectors, covering an area of 0.58 square meters each, are optimized…
A large area (128 m^2) Muon Tracking Detector (MTD), located within the KASCADE experiment, has been built with the aim to identify muons (E_mu > 0.8 GeV) and their directions in extensive air showers by track measurements under more than…
The Sydney University Giant Air-shower Recorder (SUGAR) measured the muon component of extensive air showers with a unique array of muon detectors. The SUGAR data allow us to reconstruct the empirical dependence of muon density on the…
Cosmic ray muons have emerged as a non-conventional high-energy radiation probe to monitor dense and large objects. Muons are the most abundant cosmic radiation on Earth, however, their flux at sea level is approximately 10,000 min^-1m^-2…