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Existential rules are an expressive knowledge representation language mainly developed to query data. In the literature, they are often supposed to be in some normal form that simplifies technical developments. For instance, a common…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-06-08 David Carral , Lucas Larroque , Marie-Laure Mugnier , Michaël Thomazo

Eternalism, the view that what we regard locally as being located in the past, the present and the future equally exists, is the best ontological account of temporal existence in line with special and general relativity. However, special…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2020-05-20 Baptiste Le Bihan

An impressive bulk of multiple astronomical observations indicates that there are plenty of objects in the universe with the age which cannot be explained by the conventional theory. A model is considered which successfully describes all…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2014-10-28 A. D. Dolgov

The existence of multiple regions of space beyond the observable Universe (within the so-called "multiverse") where the vacuum energy density takes different values, has been postulated as an explanation for the low non-zero value observed…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Abraham Loeb

Microphysical laws are time reversible, but macrophysics, chemistry and biology are not. This chapter explores how this asymmetry (a classic example of a broken symmetry) arises due to the cosmological context, where a non-local Direction…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2020-03-18 George F R Ellis , Barbara Drossel

Programs in quantum gravity often claim that time emerges from fundamentally timeless physics. In the semiclassical time program time arises only after approximations are taken. Here we ask what justifies taking these approximations and…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2023-03-28 Eugene Y. S. Chua , Craig Callender

In a multiverse setting, we expect to be situated in a universe that is exceptionally good at producing life. Though the conditions for what life needs to arise and thrive are currently unknown, many will be tested in the coming decades.…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2019-08-15 McCullen Sandora

This paper lends perspective to the media catchphrase that <time does not exist>. To show how phrases such as this should be interpreted, we formulate some of the most important questions that arise in discussions about time in physics. We…

科普物理 · 物理学 2022-03-25 Fedde Benedictus

The quantum-mechanical description of the world, including human observers, makes substantial use of entanglement. In order to understand this, we need to adopt concepts of truth, probability and time which are unfamiliar in modern…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-04-23 Anthony Sudbery

The laws of Physics are time-reversible, making no qualitative distinction between the past and the future -- yet we can only go towards the future. This apparent contradiction is known as the "arrow of time problem". Its current resolution…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2024-08-23 Pablo Arrighi , Gilles Dowek , Amélia Durbec

I examine some recent findings in cosmology and their potential implications for the emergence of life in the universe. In particular, I discuss the requirements for carbon-based life, anthropic considerations with respect to the nature of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Mario Livio

In the framework of the field theory it is shown that a time (viewed as a scalar temporal field) is an internal property of the physical system, which defines its causal structure and evolution. A new concept of internal time allows to…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Ivanhoe B. Pestov

The lower limit on the age of the universe derived from globular cluster dating techniques, which previously strongly motivated a non-zero cosmological constant, has now been dramatically reduced, allowing consistency for a flat matter…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Lawrence M. Krauss

We present an alternative view of quantum evolution in which each moment of time is viewed as a new "universe" and time evolution is given by correlations between them.

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Yakir Aharonov , Sandu Popescu , Jeff Tollaksen

Our laws of nature and our cosmos appear to be delicately fine-tuned for life to emerge, in a way that seems hard to attribute to chance. In view of this, some have taken the opportunity to revive the scholastic Argument from Design,…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2015-05-22 Klaas Landsman

Despite great advances in our understanding of the formation of the Solar System, the evolution of the Earth, and the chemical basis for life, we are not much closer than the ancient Greeks to an answer of whether life has arisen and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Eric Gaidos , Franck Selsis

We show that the fluctuations of quantum fields as seen by late comoving observers are significantly influenced by the history of the early Universe, and therefore they transmit information about the nature of spacetime in timescales when…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-10-13 Ana Blasco , Luis J. Garay , Mercedes Martin-Benito , Eduardo Martin-Martinez

The spacetime structure of the spatially uniformly expanding universe is described in terms of a kind of global space and global time instead of the space and time we usually recognize. The global space at some instant is a space in which…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2022-08-31 Yoshio Kubo

The origins of life stands among the great open scientific questions of our time. While a number of proposals exist for possible starting points in the pathway from non-living to living matter, these have so far not achieved states of…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2017-05-24 Sara I. Walker

The Block Universe idea, representing spacetime as a fixed whole, suggests the flow of time is an illusion: the entire universe just is, with no special meaning attached to the present time. This view is however based on time-reversible…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 George F. R. Ellis
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