相关论文: X-rays and Cosmology
Recent results, the present status and the perspectives of high energy gamma-ray astronomy are described. Since the satellite observations by the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory and its precursor missions have been reviewed extensively,…
A personal selection of noteworthy X-ray results on CVs are presented, with emphasis on XMM-Newton and Chandra observations. Progressing roughly from broad-band view to narrow-band, high spectral resolution studies, I summarize: the energy…
Gravitational lensing in clusters of galaxies is an efficient tool to probe the mass distribution of galaxies and clusters, high redshift objects thanks to the gravitational amplification, and the geometry of the universe. We review some…
We review cosmological inference from galaxy surveys at low and high redshifts, with emphasis on new Southern sky surveys. We focus on several issues: (i) The importance of understanding selection effects in catalogues and matching Northern…
X-ray emission from stars in the cool half of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is generally attributed to the presence of a magnetic corona that contains plasma at temperatures exceeding 1 million K. Coronae are ubiquitous among these stars,…
Understanding the physical mechanisms that control galaxy formation is a fundamental challenge in contemporary astrophysics. Recent advances in the field of astrophysical feedback strongly suggest that cosmic rays (CRs) may be crucially…
We describe the formation and evolution of X-ray cavities in the hot gas of galaxy clusters. The cavities are formed only with relativistic cosmic rays that eventually diffuse into the surrounding gas. We explore the evolution of cavities…
The last decade has been dense with new developments in the search for the sources of Galactic cosmic rays. Some of these developments have confirmed the tight connection between cosmic rays and supernovae in our Galaxy, through the…
A brief white paper is provided, discussing how the particle acceleration mechanisms taking place within astrophysical sources may mimic or mask signatures of new physics and the role that will be played by next-generation gamma-ray…
Extensive measurements of the X-ray background (XRB) yield a reasonably reliable characterisation of its basic properties. Having resolved most of the cosmic XRB into discrete sources, the levels and spectral shapes of its main components…
Since more than a century we investigate cosmic particles coming from the Universe with the aim of understanding their nature, their origin and how they are accelerated. So far, cosmic rays have provided many impressive results, giving…
X-ray observations of clusters at different redshifts are presented and compared. For the nearest cluster -- the Virgo cluster -- we show a comparison of the galaxy distribution and the distribution of the intra-cluster gas. Although the…
Observations with the RXTE and SAX satellites have recently led to the measurement of a second component in the spectra of several clusters of galaxies which are known to have regions of extended radio emission. This new component is quite…
The halo mass function from N-body simulations of collisionless matter is generally used to retrieve cosmological parameters from observed counts of galaxy clusters. This neglects the observational fact that the baryonic mass fraction in…
The propagation of gamma-rays over cosmological distances is the subject of extensive theoretical and observational research at GeV and TeV energies. The mean free path of gamma-rays in the cosmic web is limited above 100 GeV due to the…
Recent studies of lensing clusters reveal that it might be fairly common for a galaxy cluster that the X-ray center has an obvious offset from its gravitational center which is measured by strong lensing. We argue that if these offsets…
The largest uncertainty for cosmological studies using clusters of galaxies is introduced by our limited knowledge of the statistics of galaxy cluster structure, and of the scaling relations between observables and cluster mass. A large…
The degree of complexity and, to a somewhat lesser degree, realism in simulations has advanced rapidly in the past few years. The simplest approach - modeling a cluster as collisionless dark matter and collisonal, non--radiative gas is now…
Extensive recent work on the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (S-Z) effect reflects major progress in observational capabilities of interferometric arrays, the improved quality of multi-frequency measurements with upcoming ground-based and stratospheric…
Cosmic voids are low-mass-density regions on intergalactic scales. They are where cosmic expansion and acceleration are most dominant, important places to understand and analyze for cosmology. This entry summarises theoretical underpinnings…