相关论文: Beyond Hebb: Exclusive-OR and Biological Learning

Biological nervous systems consist of networks of diverse, sophisticated information processors in the form of neurons of different classes. In most artificial neural networks (ANNs), neural computation is abstracted to an activation…

Memory is a key component of biological neural systems that enables the retention of information over a huge range of temporal scales, ranging from hundreds of milliseconds up to years. While Hebbian plasticity is believed to play a pivotal…

By and large, Backpropagation (BP) is regarded as one of the most important neural computation algorithms at the basis of the progress in machine learning, including the recent advances in deep learning. However, its computational structure…

Standard models of biologically realistic or biologically inspired reinforcement learning employ a global error signal, which implies the use of shallow networks. On the other hand, error backpropagation allows the use of networks with…

We provide a brief review of the common assumptions about biological learning with findings from experimental neuroscience and contrast them with the efficiency of gradient-based learning in recurrent neural networks. The key issues…

We consider learning problems of an intuitive and concise preference model, called lexicographic preference lists (LP-lists). Given a set of examples that are pairwise ordinal preferences over a universe of objects built of attributes of…

The brain can learn to solve a wide range of tasks with high temporal and energetic efficiency. However, most biological models are composed of simple single compartment neurons and cannot achieve the state-of-art performances of artificial…

In machine learning, error back-propagation in multi-layer neural networks (deep learning) has been impressively successful in supervised and reinforcement learning tasks. As a model for learning in the brain, however, deep learning has…

A learning algorithm based on primary school teaching and learning is presented. The methodology is to continuously evaluate a student and to give them training on the examples for which they repeatedly fail, until, they can correctly…

We analyze algorithmic and computational aspects of biological phenomena, such as replication and programmed death, in the context of machine learning. We use two different measures of neuron efficiency to develop machine learning…

Recently two search algorithms, A* and breadth-first branch and bound (BFBnB), were developed based on a simple admissible heuristic for learning Bayesian network structures that optimize a scoring function. The heuristic represents a…

The learning dynamics of biological brains and artificial neural networks are of interest to both neuroscience and machine learning. A key difference between them is that neural networks are often trained from a randomly initialized state…

Developing reliable mechanisms for continuous local learning is a central challenge faced by biological and artificial systems. Yet, how the environmental factors and structural constraints on the learning network influence the optimal…

Learning in the brain is poorly understood and learning rules that respect biological constraints, yet yield deep hierarchical representations, are still unknown. Here, we propose a learning rule that takes inspiration from neuroscience and…

The brain is a noisy system subject to energy constraints. These facts are rarely taken into account when modelling artificial neural networks. In this paper, we are interested in demonstrating that those factors can actually lead to the…

The last decade has seen the parallel emergence in computational neuroscience and machine learning of neural network structures which spread the input signal randomly to a higher dimensional space; perform a nonlinear activation; and then…

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive performance through carefully engineered training strategies. Nonetheless, such methods lack parallels in biological neural circuits, relying heavily on non-local credit assignment, precise…

We present a novel stochastic Hebb-like learning rule for neural networks. This learning rule is stochastic with respect to the selection of the time points when a synaptic modification is induced by pre- and postsynaptic activation.…

A normative approach called Similarity Matching was recently introduced for deriving and understanding the algorithmic basis of neural computation focused on unsupervised problems. It involves deriving algorithms from computational…

Despite the striking successes of deep neural networks trained with gradient-based optimization, these methods differ fundamentally from their biological counterparts. This gap raises key questions about how nature achieves robust,…