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Graph Neural Networks frequently exhibit significant performance degradation in the out-of-distribution test scenario. While test-time training (TTT) offers a promising solution, existing Parameter Finetuning (PaFT) paradigm suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Jiaxin Zhang , Yiqi Wang , Siwei Wang , Xihong Yang , Yu Shi , Xinwang Liu , En Zhu

In this work, we present a simple yet theoretically motivated improvement to Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) for the Large Language Model (LLM), addressing its limited generalization compared to reinforcement learning (RL). Through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Yongliang Wu , Yizhou Zhou , Zhou Ziheng , Yingzhe Peng , Xinyu Ye , Xinting Hu , Wenbo Zhu , Lu Qi , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Xu Yang

Reinforcement finetuning (RFT) has shown great potential for enhancing the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it is often sample- and compute-inefficient, requiring extensive training. In this work, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Taiwei Shi , Yiyang Wu , Linxin Song , Tianyi Zhou , Jieyu Zhao

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) component has become significant for complex reasoning tasks. However, in conventional Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), the model could allocate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Xiaofeng Shi , Qian Kou , Yuduo Li , Hua Zhou

Current PEFT methods for LLMs can achieve either high quality, efficient training, or scalable serving, but not all three simultaneously. To address this limitation, we investigate sparse fine-tuning and observe a remarkable improvement in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-20 Xinyu Yang , Jixuan Leng , Geyang Guo , Jiawei Zhao , Ryumei Nakada , Linjun Zhang , Huaxiu Yao , Beidi Chen

Current LLM-based services typically require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity. While intuitive, such practice introduces substantial privacy risks, as unauthorized access may expose personal, medical, or legal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Jeongho Yoon , Chanhee Park , Yongchan Chun , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Large pre-trained models (LPMs), such as large language models, have become ubiquitous and are employed in many applications. These models are often adapted to a desired domain or downstream task through a fine-tuning stage. This paper…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Juan Pablo Muñoz , Jinjie Yuan , Nilesh Jain

Despite the massive success of fine-tuning Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), they remain susceptible to out-of-distribution input. Dataset cartography is a simple yet effective dual-model approach that improves the robustness of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-12 Yupei Du , Albert Gatt , Dong Nguyen

With the continuous growth in the number of parameters of transformer-based pretrained language models (PLMs), particularly the emergence of large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters, many natural language processing (NLP)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-20 Lingling Xu , Haoran Xie , Si-Zhao Joe Qin , Xiaohui Tao , Fu Lee Wang

When using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to adapt large language models (LLMs) to specific domains, a significant challenge arises: should we use the entire SFT dataset for fine-tuning? Common practice often involves fine-tuning directly on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Xiang Liu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Peng Wang , Kohou Wang , Huan Hu , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Tabular Foundation Models (TFMs) have recently shown strong in-context learning capabilities on structured data, achieving zero-shot performance comparable to traditional machine learning methods. We find that zero-shot TFMs already achieve…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Aditya Tanna , Pratinav Seth , Mohamed Bouadi , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) is crucial not only for unlocking their potential in specific tasks but also for ensuring that responses meet human expectations and adhere to safety and ethical principles. Current alignment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Ruijun Chen , Jiehao Liang , Shiping Gao , Fanqi Wan , Xiaojun Quan

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied to a wide range of tasks, including text summarization, web navigation, and chatbots. They have benefitted from supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning from human feedback…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Ryan Aponte , Ryan A. Rossi , Shunan Guo , Franck Dernoncourt , Tong Yu , Xiang Chen , Subrata Mitra , Nedim Lipka

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, but developing high-performing models for specialized applications often requires substantial human annotation -- a process that is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Abhinav Arabelly , Jagrut Nemade , Robert D Nowak , Jifan Zhang

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) demonstrate impressive zero-shot performance for time series forecasting. However, an important yet underexplored challenge is how to effectively finetune TSFMs on specific downstream tasks. While naive…

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) is a popular class of techniques that strive to adapt large models in a scalable and resource-efficient manner. Yet, the mechanisms underlying their training performance and generalization remain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Zahra Rahimi Afzal , Tara Esmaeilbeig , Mojtaba Soltanalian , Mesrob I. Ohannessian

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized lots of fields of research. Although it is well-known that fine-tuning is essential for enhancing the capabilities of LLMs, existing research suggests that there is potential redundancy in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Haoling Li , Xin Zhang , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Yifan Wang , Qi Chen , Peng Cheng

Large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP exhibit strong zero-shot generalization, but adapting them to downstream tasks typically requires costly labeled data. Existing unsupervised self-training methods rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Qian-Wei Wang , Guanghao Meng , Ren Cai , Yaguang Song , Shu-Tao Xia

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) has been demonstrated to significantly enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) by aligning their outputs with desired human values through instruction tuning. However, RLHF…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-06 Zhang Ze Yu , Lau Jia Jaw , Zhang Hui , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing the coding paradigm, known as vibe coding, yet synthesizing algorithmically sophisticated and robust code still remains a critical challenge. Incentivizing the deep reasoning capabilities of LLMs is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Chansung Park , Juyong Jiang , Fan Wang , Sayak Paul , Jiasi Shen , Jing Tang , Jianguo Li