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Foundation models encode rich structural knowledge but often rely on post-training procedures to adapt their reasoning behavior to specific tasks. Popular approaches such as reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Dake Bu , Wei Huang , Andi Han , Atsushi Nitanda , Bo Xue , Qingfu Zhang , Hau-San Wong , Taiji Suzuki

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) have become increasingly popular for zero-shot forecasting. However, for a new time series domain not fully covered by the pretraining set, performance can suffer. Therefore, when a practitioner cares…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Thomas L. Lee , Edoardo M. Ponti , Amos Storkey

Current techniques for post-training Large Language Models (LLMs) rely either on costly human supervision or on external verifiers to boost performance on tasks such as mathematical reasoning and code generation. However, as LLMs improve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Mukesh Ghimire , Aosong Feng , Liwen You , Youzhi Luo , Fang Liu , Xuan Zhu

Multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) seeks to model temporal dynamics among variables to predict future trends. Transformer-based models and large language models (LLMs) have shown promise due to their ability to capture long-range…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Abdul Monaf Chowdhury , Rabeya Akter , Safaeid Hossain Arib

Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have borrowed the long context paradigm from natural language processing under the premise that feeding more history into the model improves forecast quality. But in stochastic domains, distant history…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Rishi Ahuja , Kumar Prateek , Simranjit Singh , Vijay Kumar

Long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) is important for various domains but is confronted by challenges in handling the complex temporal-contextual relationships. As multivariate input models underperforming some recent univariate…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-06 Jiecheng Lu , Xu Han , Shihao Yang

Tracking entities throughout a procedure described in a text is challenging due to the dynamic nature of the world described in the process. Firstly, we propose to formulate this task as a question answering problem. This enables us to use…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-16 Hossein Rajaby Faghihi , Parisa Kordjamshidi

The post-training of LLMs, which typically consists of the supervised fine-tuning (SFT) stage and the preference learning stage (RLHF or DPO), is crucial to effective and safe LLM applications. The widely adopted approach in post-training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Heshan Fernando , Han Shen , Parikshit Ram , Yi Zhou , Horst Samulowitz , Nathalie Baracaldo , Tianyi Chen

Text and time series data offer complementary views of financial markets: news articles provide narrative context about company events, while stock prices reflect how markets react to those events. However, despite their complementary…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Ross Koval , Nicholas Andrews , Xifeng Yan

World models predict state transitions in response to actions and are increasingly developed across diverse modalities. However, standard training objectives such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) often misalign with task-specific…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Jialong Wu , Shaofeng Yin , Ningya Feng , Mingsheng Long

Deep learning has contributed remarkably to the advancement of time series analysis. Still, deep models can encounter performance bottlenecks in real-world data-scarce scenarios, which can be concealed due to the performance saturation with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Yong Liu , Haoran Zhang , Chenyu Li , Xiangdong Huang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Recently, deep learning has driven significant advancements in multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) tasks. However, much of the current research in MTSF tends to evaluate models from a holistic perspective, which obscures the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Shuang Liang , Chaochuan Hou , Xu Yao , Shiping Wang , Minqi Jiang , Songqiao Han , Hailiang Huang

Recent advances have investigated the use of pretrained large language models (LLMs) for time-series forecasting by aligning numerical inputs with LLM embedding spaces. However, existing multimodal approaches often overlook the distinct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Suchan Lee , Jihoon Choi , Sohyeon Lee , Minseok Song , Bong-Gyu Jang , Hwanjo Yu , Soyeon Caren Han

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is key functionality in numerous fields, such as financial investment, weather services, and energy management. Although increasingly capable TSF methods occur, many of them require domain-specific data…

Time-series foundation models (TSFMs) have demonstrated strong generalization capabilities across diverse datasets and tasks. However, existing foundation models are typically pre-trained to enhance performance on specific tasks and often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Shangqing Xu , Harshavardhan Kamarthi , Haoxin Liu , B. Aditya Prakash

Effective analysis of time series data presents significant challenges due to the complex temporal dependencies and cross-channel interactions in multivariate data. Inspired by the way human analysts visually inspect time series to uncover…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Qinghua Liu , Sam Heshmati , Zheda Mai , Zubin Abraham , John Paparrizos , Liu Ren

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in time series forecasting. However, most existing LLM-based forecasting methods still follow a static generative paradigm that directly maps historical observations to future…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Bokai Pan , Mingyue Cheng , Zhiding Liu , Shuo Yu , Xiaoyu Tao , Yuchong Wu , Qi Liu , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable advancements by leveraging tools to interact with environments, a critical step toward generalized AI. However, the standard supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approach, which relies on large-scale…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for time series analytics, leveraging their massive parameters and the shared sequential nature of textual and time series data. However, a cross-modality gap exists between…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Chenxi Liu , Hao Miao , Cheng Long , Yan Zhao , Ziyue Li , Panos Kalnis

Building a general model capable of analyzing human trajectories across different geographic regions and different tasks becomes an emergent yet important problem for various applications. However, existing works suffer from the…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Shuo Liu , Di Yao , Yan Lin , Gao Cong , Jingping Bi