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Prompt optimization improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) without requiring parameter updates to the target model. Following heuristic-based "Think step by step" approaches, the field has evolved in two main…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Andreea Nica , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Mario Baldwin , Saibo Geng , Robert West

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been applied to time series forecasting tasks, leveraging pre-trained language models as the backbone and incorporating textual data to purportedly enhance the comprehensive capabilities of LLMs for time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Zhengke Sun , Hangwei Qian , Ivor Tsang

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced their performance by enabling in-depth understanding of diverse tasks. With growing interest in applying LLMs to the time series domain, this has proven…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Jiahui Zhou , Dan Li , Lin Li , Zhuomin Chen , Shunyu Wu , Haozheng Ye , Jian Lou , Costas J. Spanos

Time series foundation models have shown impressive performance on a variety of tasks, across a wide range of domains, even in zero-shot settings. However, most of these models are designed to handle short univariate time series as an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Nina Żukowska , Mononito Goswami , Michał Wiliński , Willa Potosnak , Artur Dubrawski

While LLMs have demonstrated remarkable potential in time series forecasting, their practical deployment remains constrained by excessive computational demands and memory footprints. Existing LLM-based approaches typically suffer from three…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Haoran Fan , Bin Li , Yixuan Weng , Shoujun Zhou

As Machine Learning (ML) models grow in size and demand higher-quality training data, the expenses associated with re-training and fine-tuning these models are escalating rapidly. Inspired by recent impressive achievements of Large Language…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Zhiqiang Zhong , Kuangyu Zhou , Davide Mottin

In-context learning, the ability of large language models to perform tasks using only examples provided in the prompt, has recently been adapted for time series forecasting. This paradigm enables zero-shot prediction, where past values…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Andreas Auer , Patrick Podest , Daniel Klotz , Sebastian Böck , Günter Klambauer , Sepp Hochreiter

Large pre-trained time series foundation models (TSFMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot performance across a wide range of domains. However, a question remains: Do TSFMs succeed by memorizing patterns in training data, or do they…

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) offer strong zero-shot forecasting via large-scale pre-training, yet fine-tuning remains critical for boosting performance in domains with limited public data. With the growing number of TSFMs,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Qingren Yao , Ming Jin , Chengqi Zhang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Jun Qi , Shirui Pan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities on vision-and-language tasks. However, recent findings reveal an imbalance in their reasoning capabilities across visual and textual modalities. Specifically,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Guanyu Yao , Qiucheng Wu , Yang Zhang , Zhaowen Wang , Handong Zhao , Shiyu Chang

Considering the difficulty of financial time series forecasting in financial aid, much of the current research focuses on leveraging big data analytics in financial services. One modern approach is to utilize "predictive analysis",…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Md Khairul Islam , Ayush Karmacharya , Timothy Sue , Judy Fox

By encoding time series as a string of numerical digits, we can frame time series forecasting as next-token prediction in text. Developing this approach, we find that large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 and LLaMA-2 can surprisingly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Nate Gruver , Marc Finzi , Shikai Qiu , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Building energy management (BEM) tasks require processing and learning from a variety of time-series data. Existing solutions rely on bespoke task- and data-specific models to perform these tasks, limiting their broader applicability.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Ozan Baris Mulayim , Pengrui Quan , Liying Han , Xiaomin Ouyang , Dezhi Hong , Mario Bergés , Mani Srivastava

Despite the recent success of large language models (LLMs) in time-series forecasting, most existing methods still adopt a Deep Synchronous Fusion strategy, where dense interactions between textual and temporal features are enforced at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Fan Zhang , Shiming Fan , Hua Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied in many fields and have developed rapidly in recent years. As a classic machine learning task, time series forecasting has recently been boosted by LLMs. Recent works treat large language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Hua Tang , Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Qinkai Yu , Zhenting Wang , Xiaobo Jin , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

Generating forecasts for time series with multiple seasonal cycles is an important use-case for many industries nowadays. Accounting for the multi-seasonal patterns becomes necessary to generate more accurate and meaningful forecasts in…

应用统计 · 统计学 2020-04-28 Kasun Bandara , Christoph Bergmeir , Hansika Hewamalage

We introduce a classification method based on in-context learning using time-series foundation models (TSFMs). We demonstrate how data not included in the TSFM training can be classified without fine-tuning the foundation model or training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Michel Tokic , Slobodan Djukanović , Anja von Beuningen , Cheng Feng

The proliferation of time series foundation models has created a landscape where no single method achieves consistent superiority, framing the central challenge not as finding the best model, but as orchestrating an optimal ensemble with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Defu Cao , Michael Gee , Jinbo Liu , Hengxuan Wang , Wei Yang , Rui Wang , Yan Liu

Predicting future values in multivariate time series is vital across various domains. This work explores the use of large language models (LLMs) for this task. However, LLMs typically handle one-dimensional data. We introduce MultiCast, a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Georgios Chatzigeorgakidis , Konstantinos Lentzos , Dimitrios Skoutas

Time-series forecasting models (TSFM) have evolved from classical statistical methods to sophisticated foundation models, yet understanding why and when these models succeed or fail remains challenging. Despite this known limitation, time…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Michael Widener , Kausik Lakkaraju , John Aydin , Biplav Srivastava