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Security policy enforcement in contemporary agentic systems predominantly consists of embedding natural-language policies within an agent's system prompt and delegating compliance to the agent's reasoning. This approach admits no formal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Nils Palumbo , Sarthak Choudhary , Jihye Choi , Guy Amir , Prasad Chalasani , Somesh Jha

Off-policy evaluation in reinforcement learning offers the chance of using observational data to improve future outcomes in domains such as healthcare and education, but safe deployment in high stakes settings requires ways of assessing its…

Ensuring that reinforcement learning (RL) controllers satisfy safety and reliability constraints in real-world settings remains challenging: state-avoidance and constrained Markov decision processes often fail to capture trajectory-level…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Alper Kamil Bozkurt , Calin Belta , Ming C. Lin

Many sequential decision-making problems that are currently automated, such as those in manufacturing or recommender systems, operate in an environment where there is either little uncertainty, or zero risk of catastrophe. As companies and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Marc Rigter

LLMs show strong performance in code generation, but their outputs lack correctness guarantees. Sample-based uncertainty estimators address this by generating multiple candidate programs and measuring their disagreement. However, existing…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Weilin He , Arindam Sharma , Cristina David

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with embodied agents has improved high-level reasoning capabilities; however, a critical gap remains between semantic understanding and physical execution. While vision-language-action (VLA)…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Rongfeng Zhao , Xuanhao Zhang , Zhaochen Guo , Xiang Shao , Zhongpan Zhu , Bin He , Jie Chen

As a key component to intuitive cognition and reasoning solutions in human intelligence, causal knowledge provides great potential for reinforcement learning (RL) agents' interpretability towards decision-making by helping reduce the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Ruichu Cai , Siyang Huang , Jie Qiao , Wei Chen , Yan Zeng , Keli Zhang , Fuchun Sun , Yang Yu , Zhifeng Hao

Reinforcement learning (RL) with linear temporal logic (LTL) objectives can allow robots to carry out symbolic event plans in unknown environments. Most existing methods assume that the event detector can accurately map environmental states…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-09-07 Wataru Hatanaka , Ryota Yamashina , Takamitsu Matsubara

High responsiveness and economic efficiency are critical objectives in supply chain transportation, both of which are influenced by strategic decisions on shipping mode. An integrated framework combining an efficient simulator with an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Haoyue Bai , Haoyu Wang , Nanxu Gong , Xinyuan Wang , Wangyang Ying , Haifeng Chen , Yanjie Fu

Valuing intangible assets under uncertainty remains a critical challenge in the strategic management of technological innovation due to the information asymmetry inherent in high-dimensional technical specifications. Traditional…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Yongmin Yoo , Seungwoo Kim , Jingjiang Liu

Safety is a critical component of autonomous systems and remains a challenge for learning-based policies to be utilized in the real world. In particular, policies learned using reinforcement learning often fail to generalize to novel…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Kai-Chieh Hsu , Allen Z. Ren , Duy Phuong Nguyen , Anirudha Majumdar , Jaime F. Fisac

The rapid development of large vision-language model (VLM) has greatly promoted the research of GUI agent. However, GUI agents still face significant challenges in handling long-horizon tasks. First, single-agent models struggle to balance…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Zehao Deng , Tianjie Ju , Zheng Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Reinforcement learning has become the central approach for language models (LMs) to learn from environmental reward or feedback. In practice, the environmental feedback is usually sparse and delayed. Learning from such signals is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Taiwei Shi , Sihao Chen , Bowen Jiang , Linxin Song , Longqi Yang , Jieyu Zhao

In this work, we focus on the task of procedure planning from instructional videos with text supervision, where a model aims to predict an action sequence to transform the initial visual state into the goal visual state. A critical…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-21 An-Lan Wang , Kun-Yu Lin , Jia-Run Du , Jingke Meng , Wei-Shi Zheng

Mathematical problem solving is a fundamental benchmark for assessing the reasoning capabilities of artificial intelligence and a gateway to applications in education, science, and engineering where reliable symbolic reasoning is essential.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Aditya Basarkar , Benyamin Tabarsi , Tiffany Barnes , Dongkuan Xu

We consider online reinforcement learning (RL) in episodic Markov decision processes (MDPs) under the linear $q^\pi$-realizability assumption, where it is assumed that the action-values of all policies can be expressed as linear functions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-21 Gellért Weisz , András György , Csaba Szepesvári

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable general capabilities, yet embodied agents built on them fail at complex tasks, often skipping critical steps, proposing invalid actions, and repeating mistakes. These failures arise from a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Bingqing Wei , Zhongyu Xia , Dingai Liu , Xiaoyu Zhou , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) lacks benchmarks that enable precise, white-box diagnostics of agent behavior. Current environments often entangle complexity factors and lack ground-truth optimality metrics, making it difficult to isolate why…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Leonard Pleiss , Carolin Schmidt , Maximilian Schiffer

Building deep reinforcement learning agents that can generalize and adapt to unseen environments remains a fundamental challenge for AI. This paper describes progresses on this challenge in the context of man-made environments, which are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-01 Yi Wu , Yuxin Wu , Aviv Tamar , Stuart Russell , Georgia Gkioxari , Yuandong Tian

Autonomous control of multi-stage industrial processes requires both local specialization and global coordination. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising approach, but its industrial adoption remains limited due to challenges such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Tom Maus , Asma Atamna , Tobias Glasmachers