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Prompt quality plays a central role in controlling the behavior, reliability, and reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), particularly for smaller open-source instruction-tuned models that depend heavily on explicit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Prith Sharma , Austin Z. Henley

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance as general purpose agents, but their abilities remain highly dependent on prompts which are hand written with onerous trial-and-error effort. We propose a simple and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Reid Pryzant , Dan Iter , Jerry Li , Yin Tat Lee , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in enterprise workflows, yet their performance remains highly sensitive to prompt design. Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) seeks to mitigate this instability, but existing approaches…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Wei Chen , Yanbin Fang , Shuran Fu , Fasheng Xu , Xuan Wei

Large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their performance is heavily reliant on effective prompt engineering. Automatic prompt optimization (APO) methods are designed to automate this and can be broadly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-08 Xingchen Wan , Ruoxi Sun , Hootan Nakhost , Sercan O. Arik

The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) highly relies on crafted prompts. However, manual prompt engineering is a laborious process, creating a core bottleneck for practical application of LLMs. This phenomenon has led to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Qing Zhang , Bing Xu , Xudong Zhang , Yifan Shi , Yang Li , Chen Zhang , Yik Chung Wu , Ngai Wong , Yijie Chen , Hong Dai , Xiansen Chen , Mian Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate code from natural language, but their performance is highly sensitive to prompt formulation. We propose a reinforcement-learning-based framework that models prompt refinement as a sequential…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Ali Mohammadi Esfahani , Nafiseh Kahani , Samuel A. Ajila

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by solving a wide range of tasks simply guided by a prompt. Yet their performance is highly sensitive to prompt formulation. While automatic prompt optimization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Tom Zehle , Moritz Schlager , Timo Heiß , Matthias Feurer

Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) is a powerful approach for extracting performance from large language models without modifying their weights. Many existing methods rely on trial-and-error, testing different prompts or in-context…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Mayank Singh , Vikas Yadav , Eduardo Blanco

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks to be performed through simple prompt-based interactions. Consequently, several approaches have been proposed to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Artem Chernodub , Aman Saini , Yejin Huh , Vivek Kulkarni , Vipul Raheja

An increasing number of NLP applications interact with large language models (LLMs) through black-box APIs, making prompt engineering critical for controlling model outputs. While recent Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 MohammadReza Davari , Utkarsh Garg , Weixin Cai , Eugene Belilovsky

Since the advent of large language models (LLMs), prompt engineering has been a crucial step for eliciting desired responses for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, prompt engineering remains an impediment for end…

Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) improves large language model (LLM) performance by refining prompts for specific tasks. However, prior APO methods typically focus only on user prompts, rely on unstructured feedback, and require large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Seungyoun Yi , Minsoo Khang , Sungrae Park

Prompt-based pre-trained language models (PLMs) paradigm have succeeded substantially in few-shot natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, prior discrete prompt optimization methods require expert knowledge to design the base…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Chengzhengxu Li , Xiaoming Liu , Yichen Wang , Duyi Li , Yu Lan , Chao Shen

Prompt optimization (PO) provides a practical way to improve response quality when users lack the time or expertise to manually craft effective prompts. Existing methods typically rely on LLMs' self-generation ability to optimize prompts.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Zixiao Zhu , Hanzhang Zhou , Zijian Feng , Tianjiao Li , Chua Jia Jim Deryl , Mak Lee Onn , Gee Wah Ng , Kezhi Mao

While prompt optimization has emerged as a critical technique for enhancing language model performance, existing approaches primarily focus on elicitation-based strategies that search for optimal prompts to activate models' capabilities.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Yunzhe Xu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Zhe Liu

Prompt engineering can significantly improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), with automated prompt optimization (APO) gaining significant attention due to the time-consuming and laborious nature of manual prompt design.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-27 Wenxin Luo , Weirui Wang , Xiaopeng Li , Weibo Zhou , Pengyue Jia , Xiangyu Zhao

Momentum-Aided Prompt Optimization (MAPO) enhances the efficiency and efficacy of prompt optimization for Large Language Models (LLMs). Building on ProTeGi, MAPO uses positive natural language "gradients" and a momentum-based extension to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Anthony Cui , Pranav Nandyalam , Andrew Rufail , Ethan Cheung , Aiden Lei , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

This study examines the effect of prompt engineering on the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in clinical note generation. We introduce an Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) framework to refine initial prompts and compare the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Zonghai Yao , Ahmed Jaafar , Beining Wang , Zhichao Yang , Hong Yu

Prompt optimization has often been framed as a discrete search problem to find high-performing and robust instructions for an LLM. However, the search result might not make it transparent why and where specific prompt changes lead to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Jiahui Li , Yarik Menchaca Resendiz , Sean Papay , Roman Klinger

Automatic prompt optimization has recently emerged as a strategy for improving the quality of prompts used in Large Language Models (LLMs), with the goal of generating more accurate and useful responses. However, most prior work focuses on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Juhyeon Lee , Wonduk Seo , Hyunjin An , Seunghyun Lee , Yi Bu
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