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Chain-of-Thought (CoT) serves as a critical emerging ability in LLMs, especially when it comes to logical reasoning. Attempts have been made to induce such ability in small models as well by distilling from the data with CoT generated by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Nuwa Xi , Yuhan Chen , Sendong Zhao , Haochun Wang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing and hold immense potential for advancing Artificial Intelligence. However, the core architecture of most mainstream LLMs -- the Transformer -- has inherent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Xiang Zhang , Dujian Ding

The use of continuous instead of discrete tokens during the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) phase of reasoning LLMs has garnered attention recently, based on the intuition that a continuous mixture of discrete tokens could simulate a superposition…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Natasha Butt , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Ismail Labiad , Julia Kempe , Yann Ollivier

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting can effectively elicit complex multi-step reasoning from Large Language Models~(LLMs). For example, by simply adding CoT instruction ``Let's think step-by-step'' to each input query of MultiArith dataset,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-04-19 Jiuhai Chen , Lichang Chen , Heng Huang , Tianyi Zhou

Chain-of-thought (CoT) decoding enables language models to improve reasoning performance at the cost of high generation latency in decoding. Recent proposals have explored variants of contemplation tokens, a term we introduce that refers to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Jeffrey Cheng , Benjamin Van Durme

Requiring a large language model (LLM) to generate intermediary reasoning steps, known as Chain of Thought (CoT), has been shown to be an effective way of boosting performance. Previous approaches have focused on generating multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Haritz Puerto , Tilek Chubakov , Xiaodan Zhu , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is widely applied to enhance the LLM capability in math, coding and reasoning tasks. However, its performance is limited for open-domain tasks, when there are no clearly defined reasoning steps or logical transitions.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Qingqing Gu , Dan Wang , Yue Zhao , Xiaoyu Wang , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen , Hongyan Li , Luo Ji

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has become central to mathematical reasoning in large language models, yet models remain brittle to early errors: a single arithmetic slip or unjustified inference typically propagates uncorrected to an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Saraswathy Amjith , Mihika Dusad , Neha Muramalla , Shweta Shah

Inference-time scaling techniques have significantly bolstered the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by harnessing additional computational effort at inference without retraining. Similarly, Chain-of-Thought (CoT)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Baohao Liao , Hanze Dong , Yuhui Xu , Doyen Sahoo , Christof Monz , Junnan Li , Caiming Xiong

It has been shown that the chain of thought (CoT) can enhance the power of large language models (LLMs) to solve certain mathematical reasoning problems. However, the capacity of CoT is still not fully explored. As an important instance,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang

Explicit Chain-of-Thought improves the reasoning performance of large language models but often incurs high inference cost due to verbose token-level traces. While recent approaches reduce this overhead via concise prompting or step…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Yunlong Chu , Minglai Shao , Yuhang Liu , Bing Hao , Yumeng Lin , Jialu Wang , Ruijie Wang

This is the second in a series of short reports that seek to help business, education, and policy leaders understand the technical details of working with AI through rigorous testing. In this report, we investigate Chain-of-Thought (CoT)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Lennart Meincke , Ethan Mollick , Lilach Mollick , Dan Shapiro

While Chain-of-Thought prompting is popular in reasoning tasks, its application to Large Language Models (LLMs) in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is under-explored. Motivated by multi-step reasoning of LLMs, we propose Coarse-to-Fine…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Hoang H. Nguyen , Ye Liu , Chenwei Zhang , Tao Zhang , Philip S. Yu

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning is a critical capability for large language models (LLMs), enabling them to tackle com- plex multi-step tasks. While base LLMs, pre-trained on general text corpora, often struggle with reasoning due to a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Zijian Wang , Yanxiang Ma , Chang Xu

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is a critical technique in enhancing the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), and latent reasoning methods have been proposed to accelerate the inefficient token-level reasoning chain. We notice that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Fangwei Zhu , Zhifang Sui

Chain-of-thought (CoT) distillation allows a large language model (LLM) to guide a small language model (SLM) in reasoning tasks. Existing methods train the SLM to learn the long rationale in one iteration, resulting in two issues: 1) Long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xiao Chen , Sihang Zhou , Ke Liang , Xiaoyu Sun , Xinwang Liu

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting improves reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but its reliance on unstructured text limits interpretability and executability in embodied tasks. Prior work has explored structured CoTs using scene or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Hongyu Chen , Guangrun Wang

Recent advances in test-time scaling have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to display sophisticated reasoning abilities via extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) generation. Despite their potential, these Reasoning LLMs (RLMs) often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Zhen Xiong , Yujun Cai , Zhecheng Li , Yiwei Wang

Chain of thought finetuning (cot-finetuning) aims to endow small language models (SLM) with reasoning ability to improve their performance towards specific tasks by allowing them to imitate the reasoning procedure of large language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Xiaoshu Chen , Sihang Zhou , Ke Liang , Xinwang Liu

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning is critical for improving the interpretability and reliability of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). However, existing training algorithms such as SFT, PPO, and GRPO may not generalize well across unseen…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Guohao Sun , Hang Hua , Jian Wang , Jiebo Luo , Sohail Dianat , Majid Rabbani , Raghuveer Rao , Zhiqiang Tao