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The static ``train then deploy" paradigm fundamentally limits Large Language Models (LLMs) from dynamically adapting their weights in response to continuous streams of new information inherent in real-world tasks. Test-Time Training (TTT)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Guhao Feng , Shengjie Luo , Kai Hua , Ge Zhang , Di He , Wenhao Huang , Tianle Cai

Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning (PETL) aims at efficiently adapting large models pre-trained on massive data to downstream tasks with limited task-specific data. In view of the practicality of PETL, previous works focus on tuning a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-15 Hengyuan Zhao , Hao Luo , Yuyang Zhao , Pichao Wang , Fan Wang , Mike Zheng Shou

With the rise of Transformer models in NLP and CV domain, Multi-Head Attention has been proven to be a game-changer. However, its expensive computation poses challenges to the model throughput and efficiency, especially for the long…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-04-12 Jiing-Ping Wang , Ming-Guang Lin , An-Yeu , Wu

The dominant paradigm for RLHF is online and on-policy RL: synchronously generating from the large language model (LLM) policy, labelling with a reward model, and learning using feedback on the LLM's own outputs. While performant, this…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are typically evaluated under static assumptions, despite being frequently corrected through user or expert feedback in deployment. Existing evaluation protocols focus on overall accuracy and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Jihwan Bang , Seunghan Yang , Kyuhong Shim , Simyung Chang , Juntae Lee , Sungha Choi

Training and inference of Large Language Models (LLMs) with tensor-parallelism requires substantial communication to synchronize activations. Our findings suggest that with a few minor adjustments to current practices, LLMs can be trained…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Itay Lamprecht , Asaf Karnieli , Yair Hanani , Niv Giladi , Daniel Soudry

Linear sequence modeling approaches, such as linear attention, provide advantages like linear-time training and constant-memory inference over sequence lengths. However, existing sequence parallelism (SP) methods are either not optimized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Weigao Sun , Disen Lan , Yiran Zhong , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL), i.e., fine-tuning a small portion of parameters, is an effective strategy for adapting pre-trained models to downstream domains. To further reduce the memory demand, recent PETL works focus on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Haiwen Diao , Bo Wan , Ying Zhang , Xu Jia , Huchuan Lu , Long Chen

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become an increasingly popular paradigm for training large language models (LLMs) and diffusion models. While existing RLHF training systems have enabled significant progress, they often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Junyu Wu , Weiming Chang , Xiaotao Liu , Guanyou He , Haoqiang Hong , Boqi Liu , Hongtao Tian , Tao Yang , Yunsheng Shi , Feng Lin , Ting Yao

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is crucial for aligning large language models with human preferences. While recent research has focused on algorithmic improvements, the importance of prompt-data construction has been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-03 Wei Shen , Guanlin Liu , Zheng Wu , Ruofei Zhu , Qingping Yang , Chao Xin , Yu Yue , Lin Yan

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become a powerful post-training paradigm for aligning large language models with human preferences. A core challenge in RLHF is constructing accurate reward signals, where the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Ilgee Hong , Changlong Yu , Liang Qiu , Weixiang Yan , Zhenghao Xu , Haoming Jiang , Qingru Zhang , Qin Lu , Xin Liu , Chao Zhang , Tuo Zhao

Extending the context length (i.e., the maximum supported sequence length) of LLMs is of paramount significance. To facilitate long context training of LLMs, sequence parallelism has emerged as an essential technique, which scatters each…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Yujie Wang , Shiju Wang , Shenhan Zhu , Fangcheng Fu , Xinyi Liu , Xuefeng Xiao , Huixia Li , Jiashi Li , Faming Wu , Bin Cui

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems suffer from severe time-to-first-token (TTFT) bottlenecks due to long input sequences. Existing KV cache reuse methods face a fundamental trade-off: prefix caching requires identical prefixes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Bin Yang , Qiuyu Leng , Jun Zeng , Zhenhua Wu

Large-scale training systems typically use synchronous training, requiring all GPUs to be healthy simultaneously. In our experience training on O(100K) GPUs, synchronous training results in a low efficiency due to frequent failures and long…

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is essential for safe and useful LLMs. Previous works mainly adopt reinforcement learning (RLHF) and direct preference optimization (DPO) with human feedback for alignment.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-03 Tianci Xue , Ziqi Wang , Heng Ji

Gradient-based algorithms for training ResNets typically require a forward pass of the input data, followed by back-propagating the objective gradient to update parameters, which are time-consuming for deep ResNets. To break the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-19 Qi Sun , Hexin Dong , Zewei Chen , Weizhen Dian , Jiacheng Sun , Yitong Sun , Zhenguo Li , Bin Dong

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely recognized for its parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large-scale neural models. However, standard LoRA independently optimizes low-rank matrices, which inherently limits its expressivity and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Jun Qi , Chen-Yu Liu , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems face significant challenges in multi-hop question answering (MHQA), where complex queries require synthesizing information across multiple document chunks. Existing approaches typically rely on…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Zhonghao Li , Kunpeng Zhang , Jinghuai Ou , Shuliang Liu , Xuming Hu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the predominant paradigm for grounding Large Language Model outputs in factual knowledge, effectively mitigating hallucinations. However, conventional RAG systems operate under a…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Sergii Voloshyn

Sampling from complex target distributions is a challenging task fundamental to Bayesian inference. Parallel tempering (PT) addresses this problem by constructing a Markov chain on the expanded state space of a sequence of distributions…

统计计算 · 统计学 2023-01-18 Nikola Surjanovic , Saifuddin Syed , Alexandre Bouchard-Côté , Trevor Campbell