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As large language models (LLMs) demonstrate outstanding performance across various tasks, attention-driven models have profoundly transformed the field of machine learning. Since attention computations account for the primary computational…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-28 Xuyang Guo , Zhao Song , Xin Yang , Ruizhe Zhang

Self-attention is a key enabler of state-of-art accuracy for various transformer-based Natural Language Processing models. This attention mechanism calculates a correlation score for each word with respect to the other words in a sentence.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-18 Zheng Li , Soroush Ghodrati , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Hadi Esmaeilzadeh , Mingu Kang

Autoregressive Transformers are strong language models but incur O(T) complexity during per-token generation due to the self-attention mechanism. Recent work proposes kernel-based methods to approximate causal self-attention by replacing it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Huanru Henry Mao

The Multi-Head Attention mechanism is central to LLM operation, and multiple works target its compute and memory efficiency during training. While most works focus on approximating the scaled dot product, the memory consumption of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Malik Khalaf , Yara Shamshoum , Nitzan Hodos , Yuval Sieradzki , Assaf Schuster

Transformers have achieved widespread and remarkable success, while the computational complexity of their attention modules remains a major bottleneck for vision tasks. Existing methods mainly employ 8-bit or 4-bit quantization to balance…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Chaodong Xiao , Zhengqiang Zhang , Lei Zhang

The scalability of long-context large language models is fundamentally limited by the quadratic memory cost of exact self-attention, which often leads to out-of-memory (OOM) failures on modern hardware. Existing methods improve memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Yiming Bian , Joshua M. Akey

With the increasing computational demands of neural networks, many hardware accelerators for the neural networks have been proposed. Such existing neural network accelerators often focus on popular neural network types such as convolutional…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-03-13 Tae Jun Ham , Sung Jun Jung , Seonghak Kim , Young H. Oh , Yeonhong Park , Yoonho Song , Jung-Hun Park , Sanghee Lee , Kyoung Park , Jae W. Lee , Deog-Kyoon Jeong

Large language model inference on Central Processing Units (CPU) is challenging due to the vast quantities of expensive Multiply-Add (MAD) matrix operations in the attention computations. In this paper, we argue that there is a rare gem in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Tianyi Zhang , Jonah Wonkyu Yi , Bowen Yao , Zhaozhuo Xu , Anshumali Shrivastava

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a pivotal research area, yet the attention module remains a critical bottleneck in LLM inference, even with techniques like KVCache to mitigate redundant computations. While various top-$k$…

Transformers have significantly advanced AI and machine learning through their powerful attention mechanism. However, computing attention on long sequences can become a computational bottleneck. FlashAttention mitigates this by fusing the…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Kosmas Alexandridis , Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos

Attention is a key part of the transformer architecture. It is a sequence-to-sequence mapping that transforms each sequence element into a weighted sum of values. The weights are typically obtained as the softmax of dot products between…

While Transformer networks benefit from a global receptive field, their quadratic cost relative to sequence length restricts their application to long sequences and high-resolution inputs. We introduce Fast Multipole Attention (FMA), a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Yanming Kang , Giang Tran , Hans De Sterck

Long-context decoding in LLMs is IO-bound: each token re-reads an ever-growing KV cache. Prior accelerations cut bytes via compression, which lowers fidelity, or selection/eviction, which restricts what remains accessible, and both can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Jinghan Yao , Sam Adé Jacobs , Walid Krichene , Masahiro Tanaka , Dhabaleswar K Panda

Large Language Models (LLMs), built on Transformer architectures, exhibit remarkable generalization across a wide range of tasks. However, fine-tuning these models for specific tasks remains resource-intensive due to their extensive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Xinhao Yao , Hongjin Qian , Xiaolin Hu , Gengze Xu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Yong Liu

Large Language Models struggle with memory demands from the growing Key-Value (KV) cache as context lengths increase. Existing compression methods homogenize head dimensions or rely on attention-guided token pruning, often sacrificing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Xiaoran Liu , Siyang He , Qiqi Wang , Ruixiao Li , Yuerong Song , Zhigeng Liu , Linlin Li , Qun Liu , Zengfeng Huang , Qipeng Guo , Ziwei He , Xipeng Qiu

Optimizing deep learning algorithms currently requires slow, manual derivation, potentially leaving much performance untapped. Methods like FlashAttention have achieved a x6 performance improvement over native PyTorch by avoiding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Vincent Abbott , Gioele Zardini

Large language models (LLMs) now support extremely long context windows, but the quadratic complexity of vanilla attention results in significantly long Time-to-First-Token (TTFT) latency. Existing approaches to address this complexity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Qianchao Zhu , Jiangfei Duan , Chang Chen , Siran Liu , Guanyu Feng , Xin Lv , Xiao Chuanfu , Dahua Lin , Chao Yang

Effective representation learning from text has been an active area of research in the fields of NLP and text mining. Attention mechanisms have been at the forefront in order to learn contextual sentence representations. Current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-08-11 Sneha Mehta , Huzefa Rangwala , Naren Ramakrishnan

Transformer-based models excel in speech recognition. Existing efforts to optimize Transformer inference, typically for long-context applications, center on simplifying attention score calculations. However, streaming speech recognition…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-22 Yang Li , Liangzhen Lai , Yuan Shangguan , Forrest N. Iandola , Zhaoheng Ni , Ernie Chang , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

Attention based models have achieved many remarkable breakthroughs in numerous applications. However, the quadratic complexity of Attention makes the vanilla Attention based models hard to apply to long sequence tasks. Various improved…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Xue Wang , Tian Zhou , Jianqing Zhu , Jialin Liu , Kun Yuan , Tao Yao , Wotao Yin , Rong Jin , HanQin Cai