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While large language models (LLMs) augmented with agentic search capabilities show promise for legal reasoning, they overlook a fundamental constraint that applicable law must match the temporal context of each case, as retroactive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Wei Fan , Yining Zhou , Mufan Zhang , Yanbing Weng , Yiran HU , Tianshi Zheng , Baixuan Xu , Chunyang Li , Jianhui Yang , Haoran Li , Yangqiu Song

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly expected to maintain coherent, long-term personalized memory, yet current benchmarks primarily measure static fact retrieval, overlooking the ability to revise stored beliefs when new…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Hanxiang Chao , Yihan Bai , Rui Sheng , Tianle Li , Yushi Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate a surprising amount of factual world knowledge. However, their performance on temporal questions and historical knowledge is limited because they often cannot understand temporal scope and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Jonas Wallat , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Adam Jatowt , Avishek Anand

The growing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) show significant potential to enhance healthcare by assisting medical researchers and physicians. However, their reliance on static training data is a major risk when medical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Juraj Vladika , Mahdi Dhaini , Florian Matthes

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in question answering and reasoning thanks to their extensive parametric memory. However, their knowledge is inherently limited by the scope of their pre-training data, while…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Atahan Özer , Çağatay Yıldız

Abstention Ability (AA) is a critical aspect of Large Language Model (LLM) reliability, referring to an LLM's capability to withhold responses when uncertain or lacking a definitive answer, without compromising performance. Although…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Nishanth Madhusudhan , Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan , Vikas Yadav , Masoud Hashemi

Large language models (LLMs) often rely on outdated knowledge when answering time-sensitive questions, leading to confident yet incorrect responses. Without explicit signals indicating whether up-to-date information is required, models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Bhawna Piryani , Zehra Mert , Adam Jatowt

Benchmarking modern large language models (LLMs) on complex and realistic tasks is critical to advancing their development. In this work, we evaluate the factual accuracy and citation performance of state-of-the-art LLMs on the task of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Maya Patel , Aditi Anand

We observe that current conversational language models often waver in their judgments when faced with follow-up questions, even if the original judgment was correct. This wavering presents a significant challenge for generating reliable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Qiming Xie , Zengzhi Wang , Yi Feng , Rui Xia

This study delves into the capabilities and limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the challenging domain of conditional question-answering. Utilizing the Conditional Question Answering (CQA) dataset and focusing on generative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-05 Syed-Amad Hussain , Parag Pravin Dakle , SaiKrishna Rallabandi , Preethi Raghavan

Knowledge and language understanding of models evaluated through question answering (QA) has been usually studied on static snapshots of knowledge, like Wikipedia. However, our world is dynamic, evolves over time, and our models' knowledge…

Large language models (LLMs) often fail to reason under temporal cutoffs: when prompted to answer from the standpoint of an earlier time, they exploit knowledge that became available only later. We study this failure through the lens of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Chenlu Ding , Jiancan Wu , Yanchen Luo , Zheyuan Liu , Yancheng Yuan , Xiang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in ex-ante reasoning, where analysis, inference, or predictions must be made without access to information from future events. Even with explicit prompts enforcing temporal cutoffs,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Yachuan Liu , Xiaochun Wei , Lin Shi , Xinnuo Li , Bohan Zhang , Paramveer Dhillon , Qiaozhu Mei

This paper explores the robustness of language models (LMs) to variations in the temporal context within factual knowledge. It examines whether LMs can correctly associate a temporal context with a past fact valid over a defined period, by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Hichem Ammar Khodja , Frédéric Béchet , Quentin Brabant , Alexis Nasr , Gwénolé Lecorvé

Backtesting large language models on historical events requires reasoning exclusively from information available before a specified cutoff date. Yet models routinely leak post-cutoff knowledge from pre-training into their reasoning,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Zeyu Zhang , Bradly C. Stadie

Large language models (LLMs) rarely admit uncertainty, often producing fluent but misleading answers, rather than abstaining (i.e., refusing to answer). This weakness is even evident in temporal question answering, where models frequently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Xinyu Zhou , Chang Jin , Carsten Eickhoff , Zhijiang Guo , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Unraveling the intricate details of events in natural language necessitates a subtle understanding of temporal dynamics. Despite the adeptness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in discerning patterns and relationships from data, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Sindhu Kishore , Hangfeng He

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows show promise for complex legal reasoning tasks, yet their ability to understand long legal documents remains insufficiently evaluated. Developing long-context benchmarks that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Li Zhang , Jaromir Savelka , Kevin Ashley

Legal work, characterized by its text-heavy and resource-intensive nature, presents unique challenges and opportunities for NLP research. While data-driven approaches have advanced the field, their lack of interpretability and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Oliver Wardas , Florian Matthes

Despite the impressive performance of Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) systems across various NLP benchmarks, their robustness in handling real-world user-LLM interaction queries remains largely underexplored. This presents a critical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Tianyu Cao , Neel Bhandari , Akhila Yerukola , Akari Asai , Maarten Sap
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