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Multi-step reasoning remains a key challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in complex domains such as mathematics and creative writing. While recent approaches including ReAct, Reflexion, and Self-Refine improve reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Abhishek HS , Pavan C Shekar , Arpit Jain , Ashwanth Krishnan

Adaptive reasoning is essential for aligning the computational effort of large language models (LLMs) with the intrinsic difficulty of problems. Current chain-of-thought methods boost reasoning ability but indiscriminately generate long…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Ruofan Zhang , Bin Xia , Zhen Cheng , Cairen Jian , Minglun Yang , Ngai Wong , Yuan Cheng

Although preference optimization methods have improved reasoning performance in Large Language Models (LLMs), they often lack transparency regarding why one reasoning outcome is preferred over another. This limitation is especially critical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Jiazheng Li , Yuxiang Zhou , Junru Lu , Gladys Tyen , Lin Gui , Cesare Aloisi , Yulan He

The inherent capabilities of a language model (LM) and the reasoning strategies it employs jointly determine its performance in reasoning tasks. While test-time scaling is regarded as an effective approach to tackling complex reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Zhihong Pan , Kai Zhang , Yuze Zhao , Yupeng Han

This paper target in addressing the challenges of underthinking and overthinking in long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning for Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) by introducing Reasoning Control Fields (RCF)--a novel test-time approach that…

When making significant life decisions, people increasingly turn to conversational AI tools, such as large language models (LLMs). However, LLMs often steer users toward solutions, limiting metacognitive awareness of their own…

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit in-context learning abilities which enable the same model to perform several tasks without any task-specific training. In contrast, traditional adaptation approaches, such as fine-tuning, modify the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-14 Kush Bhatia , Avanika Narayan , Christopher De Sa , Christopher Ré

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have recently shown impressive performance on complex reasoning tasks, often by engaging in self-reflective behaviors such as self-critique and backtracking. However, not all reflections are beneficial-many are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Hanbin Wang , Jingwei Song , Jinpeng Li , Qi Zhu , Fei Mi , Ganqu Cui , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang

Reward Models (RMs) are critical components in the Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) pipeline, directly determining the alignment quality of Large Language Models (LLMs). Recently, Generative Reward Models (GRMs) have…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Kai Qin , Liangxin Liu , Yu Liang , Longzheng Wang , Yan Wang , Yueyang Zhang , Long Xia , Zhiyuan Sun , Houde Liu , Daiting Shi

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized code generation, standard ``System 1'' approaches that generate solutions in a single forward pass often hit a performance ceiling on complex algorithmic tasks. Existing iterative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Juyong Jiang , Jiasi Shen , Sunghun Kim , Kang Min Yoo , Jeonghoon Kim , Sungju Kim

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance by generating long chains of thought, but longer traces always introduce redundant or ineffective reasoning steps. One typical behavior is that they often perform unnecessary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Jinyi Han , Zixiang Di , Zishang Jiang , Ying Liao , Jiaqing Liang , Yongqi Wang , Yanghua Xiao

Reinforcement learning-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods enhance the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, most rely only on final-answer rewards, overlooking intermediate reasoning quality. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Jie He , Victor Gutiérrez-Basulto , Jeff Z. Pan

Large reasoning models (LRMs) generate chain-of-thought (CoT) traces before producing final outputs, introducing a dynamic internal state that may complicate control mechanisms such as refusal. Unlike instruction-tuned LLMs, where refusal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Kia-Jüng Yang , Dominik Meier , Jiachen Zhao , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

Large Language Model (LLM) based listwise ranking has shown superior performance in many passage ranking tasks. With the development of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), many studies have demonstrated that step-by-step reasoning during…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Wenhan Liu , Xinyu Ma , Weiwei Sun , Yutao Zhu , Yuchen Li , Dawei Yin , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities through \emph{Chain-of-Thought} (CoT) prompting, which enables step-by-step intermediate reasoning. However, explicit CoT methods rely on discrete token-level…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Zhikang Chen , Sen Cui , Deheng Ye , Yu Zhang , Yatao Bian , Tingting Zhu

Large reasoning models (LRMs) exhibit unprecedented capabilities in solving complex problems through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, recent studies reveal that their final answers often contradict their own reasoning traces. We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yuhui Wang , Changjiang Li , Guangke Chen , Jiacheng Liang , Ting Wang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieved remarkable performance via chain-of-thought (CoT), but recent studies showed that such enhanced reasoning capabilities are at the expense of significantly degraded safety capabilities. In this paper,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Jianan Chen , Zhifang Zhang , Shuo He , Linan Yue , Lei Feng , Minling Zhang

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has become a foundation for eliciting multi-step reasoning in large language models, but recent studies show that its benefits do not scale monotonically with chain length: while longer CoT generally enables…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Bin Lei , Caiwen Ding , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) significantly enhances the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), explicit reasoning chains introduce substantial computational redundancy. Recent latent reasoning methods attempt to mitigate this by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Fanmeng Wang , Haotian Liu , Guojiang Zhao , Hongteng Xu , Zhifeng Gao