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Large language model (LLM) inference is limited by high computational cost and memory bandwidth demands, making deployment on heterogeneous many-core processors challenging. Taking the MT-3000 processor used in the Tianhe supercomputer as…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yao Lu , Zhongzhi Luan , Gen Li , Jiaxing Qi , Shiqing Ma , Bin Han , Shizhe Shang , Hailong Yang , Depei Qian

Large Language Models (LLMs) process every token through all layers of a transformer stack, causing wasted computation on simple queries and insufficient flexibility for harder ones that need deeper reasoning. Adaptive-depth methods can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Ahmed Heakl , Martin Gubri , Salman Khan , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but serving them efficiently at scale remains a critical challenge due to their substantial computational and latency demands. While most existing…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Yifan Sun , Gholamreza Haffari , Minxian Xu , Rajkumar Buyya , Adel N. Toosi

Large language models (LLMs) require substantial computational resources, leading to significant carbon emissions and operational costs. Although training is energy-intensive, the long-term environmental burden arises from inference,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Kolichala Rajashekar , Nafiseh Sharghivand , Radu Prodan , Reza Farahani

Large Language Model (LLM) inference on large-scale systems is expected to dominate future cloud infrastructures. Efficient LLM inference in cloud environments with numerous AI accelerators is challenging, necessitating extensive…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Ilias Bournias , Lukas Cavigelli , Georgios Zacharopoulos

The increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) necessitates inference serving systems that can deliver both high throughput and low latency. Deploying LLMs with hundreds of billions of parameters on memory-constrained GPUs exposes…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Bowen Pang , Kai Li , Feifan Wang

This work examines latency, throughput, and other metrics when performing inference on confidential GPUs. We explore different traffic patterns and scheduling strategies using a single Virtual Machine with one NVIDIA H100 GPU, to perform…

The past year has witnessed the increasing popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs). Their unprecedented scale and associated high hardware cost have impeded their broader adoption, calling for efficient hardware designs. With the large…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-12-07 Hengrui Zhang , August Ning , Rohan Prabhakar , David Wentzlaff

Inference on large-language models (LLMs) is constrained by GPU memory capacity. A sudden increase in the number of inference requests to a cloud-hosted LLM can deplete GPU memory, leading to contention between multiple prompts for limited…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Abhishek Vijaya Kumar , Gianni Antichi , Rachee Singh

On-device inference for Large Language Models (LLMs), driven by increasing privacy concerns and advancements of mobile-sized models, has gained significant interest. However, even mobile-sized LLMs (e.g., Gemma-2B) encounter unacceptably…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Daliang Xu , Hao Zhang , Liming Yang , Ruiqi Liu , Gang Huang , Mengwei Xu , Xuanzhe Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as AI agents that operate in short reasoning-action loops, interleaving model computation with external calls. Unlike traditional chat applications, these agentic workloads require…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Yuning Zhang , Yan Yan , Nan Yang , Dong Yuan

This paper introduces an efficient strategy to transform Large Language Models (LLMs) into Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs). By conceptualizing this transformation as a domain adaptation process, i.e., transitioning from text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Bingchen Zhao , Haoqin Tu , Chen Wei , Jieru Mei , Cihang Xie

This work elaborates on a High performance computing (HPC) architecture based on Simple Linux Utility for Resource Management (SLURM) [1] for deploying heterogeneous Large Language Models (LLMs) into a scalable inference engine. Dynamic…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Anderson de Lima Luiz , Shubham Vijay Kurlekar , Munir Georges

As large language models (LLMs) have shown great success in many tasks, they are used in various applications. While a lot of works have focused on the efficiency of single-LLM application (e.g., offloading, request scheduling, parallelism…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Jingzhi Fang , Yanyan Shen , Yue Wang , Lei Chen

Large language model (LLM) serving demands low latency and high throughput, but high load variability makes it challenging to achieve high GPU utilization. In this paper, we identify a synergetic but overlooked opportunity to co-serve…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Yifan Qiao , Shu Anzai , Shan Yu , Haoran Ma , Shuo Yang , Yang Wang , Miryung Kim , Yongji Wu , Yang Zhou , Jiarong Xing , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Ion Stoica , Harry Xu

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on mobile devices increasingly relies on heterogeneous execution, yet no prior study has systematically characterized NPU effectiveness at the operator and pipeline level. We present the first…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Pu Li , Jiawen Qi , Qinyu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) inference is central to modern AI applications, dominating worldwide datacenter workloads, making it critical to predict its energy footprint. Existing approaches estimate energy consumption as a simple linear…

The rise of Generative AI introduces a new class of HPC workloads that integrates lightweight LLMs with traditional high-throughput applications to accelerate scientific discovery. The current design of HPC clusters is inadequate to support…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Thanh Son Phung , Douglas Thain

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

The Large Language Model (LLM) is widely employed for tasks such as intelligent assistants, text summarization, translation, and multi-modality on mobile phones. However, the current methods for on-device LLM deployment maintain slow…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Luchang Li , Sheng Qian , Jie Lu , Lunxi Yuan , Rui Wang , Qin Xie