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Research on applications of reinforcement learning (RL) to large language models has mostly been focused on single-turn problems, such as mathematical reasoning or single-shot code generation. While these problems can be viewed as…

Post-training methods, especially Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), play an important role in improving large language models' (LLMs) complex reasoning abilities. However, the dominant two-stage pipeline (SFT…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Mingyu Su , Jian Guan , Yuxian Gu , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang

Tool-using LLM agents fail through trajectories rather than only final responses, as they may execute unsafe tool calls, follow injected instructions, comply with harmful requests, or over-refuse benign tasks despite producing a seemingly…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Bo Yin , Qi Li , Xinchao Wang

LLMs demonstrate strong performance in auto-mated software engineering, particularly for code generation and issue resolution. While proprietary models like GPT-4o achieve high benchmarks scores on SWE-bench, their API dependence, cost, and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Yibo Wang , Zhihao Peng , Ying Wang , Zhao Wei , Hai Yu , Zhiliang Zhu

This paper proposes a novel approach to address the challenge that pretrained VLA models often fail to effectively improve performance and reduce adaptation costs during standard supervised finetuning (SFT). Some advanced finetuning methods…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Wenxuan Song , Han Zhao , Fuhao Li , Ziyang Zhou , Xi Wang , Jing Lyu , Pengxiang Ding , Yan Wang , Donglin Wang , Haoang Li

Conventionally, supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is treated as a simple imitation learning process that only trains a policy to imitate expert behavior on demonstration datasets. In this work, we challenge this view by establishing a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Jiangnan Li , Thuy-Trang Vu , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Gholamreza Haffari

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a commonly used technique to adapt large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. In practice, SFT on a full dataset is computationally expensive and sometimes suffers from overfitting or bias…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Heming Zou , Yixiu Mao , Yun Qu , Qi Wang , Xiangyang Ji

Deep search capabilities have become an indispensable competency for frontier Large Language Model (LLM) agents, yet their development remains dominated by industrial giants. The typical industry recipe involves a highly resource-intensive…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Yuwen Du , Rui Ye , Shuo Tang , Keduan Huang , Xinyu Zhu , Yuzhu Cai , Siheng Chen

Packing for Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) in autoregressive models involves concatenating data points of varying lengths until reaching the designed maximum length to facilitate GPU processing. However, randomly concatenating data points can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-27 Jiancheng Dong , Lei Jiang , Wei Jin , Lu Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) are challenging to deploy for domain-specific tasks due to their massive scale. While distilling a fine-tuned LLM into a smaller student model is a promising alternative, the capacity gap between teacher and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Cheng Feng , Chaoliang Zhong , Jun Sun , Yusuke Oishi

Large language models are typically post-trained using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL), yet effectively unifying efficient knowledge injection with robust generalization remains challenging. In this work, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Wangjie Gan , Miao Pan , Linbo Xi , Wenqi Zhang , Jintao Chen , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

While recent advances in machine learning have equipped Weather Foundation Models (WFMs) with substantial generalization capabilities across diverse downstream tasks, the escalating computational requirements associated with their expanding…

While large language model agents have advanced software engineering tasks, the unscalable nature of existing test-based supervision is limiting the potential improvement of data scaling. The reason is twofold: (1) building and running test…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Junjielong Xu , Boyin Tan , Xiaoyuan Liu , Chao Peng , Pengfei Gao , Pinjia He

Full fine-tuning is a popular approach to adapt Transformer-based pre-trained large language models to a specific downstream task. However, the substantial requirements for computational power and storage have discouraged its widespread…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-02 Samir Arora , Liangliang Wang

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) component has become significant for complex reasoning tasks. However, in conventional Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), the model could allocate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Xiaofeng Shi , Qian Kou , Yuduo Li , Hua Zhou

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is an effective methodology to unleash the potential of large foundation models in novel scenarios with limited training data. In the computer vision community, PEFT has shown effectiveness in image…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-29 Zelin Peng , Zhengqin Xu , Zhilin Zeng , Lingxi Xie , Qi Tian , Wei Shen

Post-training algorithms such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) are widely used to adapt (multimodal) large language models to downstream tasks. While effective at task adaptation, their impact on retaining…

Programming Knowledge Tracing (PKT) has recently advanced through hybrid approaches that integrate attention-based feature modeling for code representation with RNN-based sequential prediction. While these models report strong empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Jaewook Kim , Hyeoncheol Kim

Automatic pavement distress classification facilitates improving the efficiency of pavement maintenance and reducing the cost of labor and resources. A recently influential branch of this task divides the pavement image into patches and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-09-22 Wenhao Tang , Sheng Huang , Xiaoxian Zhang , Luwen Huangfu

Visual prompt tuning (VPT) is a promising solution incorporating learnable prompt tokens to customize pre-trained models for downstream tasks. However, VPT and its variants often encounter challenges like prompt initialization, prompt…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Yuzhu Wang , Lechao Cheng , Chaowei Fang , Dingwen Zhang , Manni Duan , Meng Wang