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Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in various areas, such as text generation and code synthesis. However, the reliability of performance evaluation has come under scrutiny due to data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Yuxing Cheng , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Leaderboards for LRMs have turned evaluation into a competition, incentivizing developers to optimize directly on benchmark suites. A shortcut to achieving higher rankings is to incorporate evaluation benchmarks into the training data,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Han Wang , Haoyu Li , Brian Ko , Huan Zhang

Benchmark contamination refers to the presence of test datasets in Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training or post-training data. Contamination can lead to inflated scores on benchmarks, compromising evaluation results and making it…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Sanchit Ahuja , Varun Gumma , Sunayana Sitaram

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies heavily on the huge amount of pre-training data learned in the pre-training phase. The opacity of the pre-training process and the training data causes the results of many benchmark tests…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 Shiwen Ni , Xiangtao Kong , Chengming Li , Xiping Hu , Ruifeng Xu , Jia Zhu , Min Yang

Data contamination undermines the validity of Large Language Model evaluation by enabling models to rely on memorized benchmark content rather than true generalization. While prior work has proposed contamination detection methods, these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Chaymaa Abbas , Nour Shamaa , Mariette Awad

While large language models have achieved remarkable performance on various code generation benchmarks, there have been growing concerns regarding potential contamination of these benchmarks as they may be leaked into pretraining and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Martin Riddell , Ansong Ni , Arman Cohan

Model selection/optimization in conformal inference is challenging, since it may break the exchangeability between labeled and unlabeled data. We study this problem in the context of conformal selection, which uses conformal p-values to…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-11-28 Tian Bai , Ying Jin

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is a task dedicated to rectifying texts with minimal edits, which can be decoupled into two components: detection and correction. However, previous works have predominantly focused on direct correction,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Wei Li , Houfeng Wang

Public benchmarks play an essential role in the evaluation of large language models. However, data contamination can lead to inflated performance, rendering them unreliable for model comparison. It is therefore crucial to detect…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Jasper Dekoninck , Mark Niklas Müller , Martin Vechev

Data contamination poses a significant threat to the reliable evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs). This issue arises when benchmark samples may inadvertently appear in training sets, compromising the validity of reported performance.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Yongding Tao , Tian Wang , Yihong Dong , Huanyu Liu , Kechi Zhang , Xiaolong Hu , Ge Li

Evaluating the performance of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) systems is a challenging task due to its subjectivity. Designing an evaluation metric that is as objective as possible is crucial to the development of GEC task. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Jingheng Ye , Yinghui Li , Qingyu Zhou , Yangning Li , Shirong Ma , Hai-Tao Zheng , Ying Shen

As large language models achieve impressive scores on traditional benchmarks, an increasing number of researchers are becoming concerned about benchmark data leakage during pre-training, commonly known as the data contamination problem. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-27 Kun Qian , Shunji Wan , Claudia Tang , Youzhi Wang , Xuanming Zhang , Maximillian Chen , Zhou Yu

Dataset contamination, where evaluation datasets overlap with pre-training corpora, inflates performance metrics and undermines the reliability of model evaluations. Measuring dataset contamination thus becomes essential to ensure that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Hyeong Kyu Choi , Maxim Khanov , Hongxin Wei , Yixuan Li

We are currently in an era of fierce competition among various large language models (LLMs) continuously pushing the boundaries of benchmark performance. However, genuinely assessing the capabilities of these LLMs has become a challenging…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Wenhong Zhu , Hongkun Hao , Zhiwei He , Yunze Song , Yumeng Zhang , Hanxu Hu , Yiran Wei , Rui Wang , Hongyuan Lu

In machine learning, contamination refers to situations where testing data leak into the training set. The issue is particularly relevant for the evaluation of the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), which are generally trained on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Nicolas Yax , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Stefano Palminteri

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

In this position paper, we argue that the classical evaluation on Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks using annotated benchmarks is in trouble. The worst kind of data contamination happens when a Large Language Model (LLM) is trained on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Oscar Sainz , Jon Ander Campos , Iker García-Ferrero , Julen Etxaniz , Oier Lopez de Lacalle , Eneko Agirre

Recent claims about the impressive abilities of large language models (LLMs) are often supported by evaluating publicly available benchmarks. Since LLMs train on wide swaths of the internet, this practice raises concerns of data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Manley Roberts , Himanshu Thakur , Christine Herlihy , Colin White , Samuel Dooley

Recent statements about the impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are usually supported by evaluating on open-access benchmarks. Considering the vast size and wide-ranging sources of LLMs' training data, it could…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Yihong Dong , Xue Jiang , Huanyu Liu , Zhi Jin , Bin Gu , Mengfei Yang , Ge Li

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has transformed software engineering, showing promise in tasks like code generation, bug detection, and compliance checking. However, current models struggle to detect compliance…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Haoyi Zhang , Huaijin Ran , Xunzhu Tang