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Before being deployed for user-facing applications, developers align Large Language Models (LLMs) to user preferences through a variety of procedures, such as Reinforcement Learning From Human Feedback (RLHF) and Direct Preference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Michael J. Ryan , William Held , Diyi Yang

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as the primary method for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. While it enables LLMs to achieve human-level alignment, it often incurs significant…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Shivank Garg , Ayush Singh , Shweta Singh , Paras Chopra

The escalating scale of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates efficient adaptation techniques. Model merging has gained prominence for its efficiency and controllability. However, existing merging techniques typically serve as post-hoc…

We develop an online learning algorithm that dramatically improves the data efficiency of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Our algorithm incrementally updates reward and language models as choice data is received. The…

A key challenge in training Large Language Models (LLMs) is properly aligning them with human preferences. Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) uses pairwise comparisons from human annotators to train reward functions and has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-17 Ariel D. Procaccia , Benjamin Schiffer , Shirley Zhang

Online and offline RLHF methods, such as PPO and DPO, have been highly successful in aligning AI with human preferences. Despite their success, however, these methods suffer from fundamental limitations: (a) Models trained with RLHF can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Eugene Choi , Arash Ahmadian , Matthieu Geist , Oilvier Pietquin , Mohammad Gheshlaghi Azar

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) aligns Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, yet the underlying reward signals they internalize remain hidden, posing a critical challenge for interpretability and safety.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Nyal Patel , Matthieu Bou , Arjun Jagota , Satyapriya Krishna , Sonali Parbhoo

Learning from human feedback has been shown to be effective at aligning language models with human preferences. Past work has often relied on Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), which optimizes the language model using reward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-18 Yao Zhao , Rishabh Joshi , Tianqi Liu , Misha Khalman , Mohammad Saleh , Peter J. Liu

A key technology for the development of large language models (LLMs) involves instruction tuning that helps align the models' responses with human expectations to realize impressive learning abilities. Two major approaches for instruction…

We study online alignment of large language models under misspecified preference feedback, where the observed preference oracle deviates from an ideal but unknown ground-truth oracle. The online LLM alignment problem is a bi-level…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Zimeng Li , Mudit Gaur , Vaneet Aggarwal

Recently, tremendous strides have been made to align the generation of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values to mitigate toxic or unhelpful content. Leveraging Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) proves effective and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Mingye Zhu , Yi Liu , Lei Zhang , Junbo Guo , Zhendong Mao

Ensuring AI models align with human values is essential for their safety and functionality. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) leverages human preferences to achieve this alignment. However, when preferences are sourced from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Ryan Bahlous-Boldi , Li Ding , Lee Spector , Scott Niekum

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a pivotal tool for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), one of the most popular approaches, formulates RLHF as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Jiafan He , Huizhuo Yuan , Quanquan Gu

Multi-objective alignment from human feedback (MOAHF) in large language models (LLMs) is a challenging problem as human preferences are complex, multifaceted, and often conflicting. Recent works on MOAHF considered a-priori multi-objective…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Subhojyoti Mukherjee , Anusha Lalitha , Sailik Sengupta , Aniket Deshmukh , Branislav Kveton

We introduce ALaRM, the first framework modeling hierarchical rewards in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), which is designed to enhance the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. The framework…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Yuhang Lai , Siyuan Wang , Shujun Liu , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

With the rapid advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), aligning LLMs with human preferences become increasingly important. Although Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) proves effective, it is complicated and highly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Shiqi Wang , Zhengze Zhang , Rui Zhao , Fei Tan , Cam Tu Nguyen

Aligning the output of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences (e.g., by means of reinforcement learning with human feedback, or RLHF) is essential for ensuring their effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Despite significant…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Pietro Bernardelle , Gianluca Demartini

Visuomotor robot policies, increasingly pre-trained on large-scale datasets, promise significant advancements across robotics domains. However, aligning these policies with end-user preferences remains a challenge, particularly when the…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-12-09 Ran Tian , Yilin Wu , Chenfeng Xu , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Jitendra Malik , Andrea Bajcsy

In the era of increasing privacy concerns and demand for personalized experiences, traditional Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) frameworks face significant challenges due to their reliance on centralized data. We introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Flint Xiaofeng Fan , Cheston Tan , Yew-Soon Ong , Roger Wattenhofer , Wei-Tsang Ooi

Direct alignment from preferences (DAP) methods, such as DPO, have recently emerged as efficient alternatives to reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), that do not require a separate reward model. However, the preference…