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While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at generating human-like text, aligning their outputs with complex, qualitative goals like pedagogical soundness remains a significant challenge. Standard reinforcement learning techniques often rely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Francesco Pappone , Ruggero Marino Lazzaroni , Federico Califano , Niccolò Gentile , Roberto Marras

Unsupervised speech emotion recognition (SER) focuses on addressing the problem of data sparsity and annotation bias of emotional speech. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising method which enhances the performance through rule-based or…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-02-09 Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Runyan Yang , Zihao Cui , Junlan Feng

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is pivotal for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning, yet mainstream algorithms such as GRPO and DAPO remain constrained by a coarse-grained credit assignment paradigm, where all tokens within the same…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Hongze Tan , Zihan Wang , Jianfei Pan , Jinghao Lin , Hao Wang , Yifan Wu , Tao Chen , Zhihang Zheng , Zhihao Tang , Haihua Yang

Combining Chain-of-Thought (CoT) with Reinforcement Learning (RL) improves text-to-image (T2I) generation, yet the underlying interaction between CoT's exploration and RL's optimization remains unclear. We present a systematic entropy-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Han Song , Yucheng Zhou , Jianbing Shen , Yu Cheng

Reinforcement learning in open-ended long-form generation is challenging because reliable reference answers and automatic metrics are often unavailable. Existing rubric-based methods typically rely on pointwise LLM-as-a-judge scoring, but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Zixuan Yang , Yiqun Chen , Wei Yang , Erhan Zhang , Zihan Shen , Xiaochi Wei , Yan Gao , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Jiaxin Mao

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a practical route to improve large language model reasoning, and Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a widely used optimizer in this setting. However, RLVR training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Tue Le , Linh Ngo Van , Trung Le

We study a common challenge in reinforcement learning for large language models (LLMs): the Zero-Reward Assumption, where non-terminal actions (i.e., intermediate token generations) receive zero task-specific immediate reward, while only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Shenghua He , Tian Xia , Xuan Zhou , Hui Wei

We show that reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) can elicit strong mathematical reasoning in certain language models even with spurious rewards that have little, no, or even negative correlation with the correct answer.…

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), particularly Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), has advanced LLM reasoning. However, GRPO suffers from three credit assignment failures: uniform token-level granularity that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Song Yu , Li Li , Wenwen Zhao , Zhisheng Yang

Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong cross-scenario generalization capabilities in various robotic tasks through large-scale pre-training and task-specific fine-tuning. However, their training paradigm mainly relies…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Zengjue Chen , Runliang Niu , He Kong , Qi Wang , Qianli Xing , Zipei Fan

Text-to-Image (T2I) generation has achieved remarkable progress in recent years. Meanwhile, reinforcement learning methods, particularly those based on Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), have attracted widespread attention and been…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Baoteng Li , Xianghao Zang , Xinran Wang , Xiangyu Na , Zhixiang He , Hao Sun , Chi Zhang , Zhongjiang He , Tianwei Cao , Kongming Liang , Zhanyu Ma

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by leveraging direct outcome verification instead of learned reward models. Building on this paradigm, Group…

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly trained with reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance their ability to interact with external environments through tool use, particularly in search-based settings that require…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Guoqing Wang , Sunhao Dai , Guangze Ye , Zeyu Gan , Wei Yao , Yong Deng , Xiaofeng Wu , Zhenzhe Ying

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by using rule-based binary feedback. However, current RLVR methods typically assign the same reward to every token.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Guofu Xie , Yunsheng Shi , Hongtao Tian , Ting Yao , Xiao Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in solving complex mathematical problems, yet they still fall short of producing accurate and consistent solutions. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a framework for aligning these models with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Ali Hatamizadeh , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Igor Gitman , Ximing Lu , Seungju Han , Wei Ping , Yejin Choi , Jan Kautz

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as a promising critic-free reinforcement learning paradigm for reasoning tasks. However, standard GRPO employs a coarse-grained credit assignment mechanism that propagates group-level…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Ziheng Li , Liu Kang , Feng Xiao , Luxi Xing , Qingyi Si , Zhuoran Li , Weikang Gong , Deqing Yang , Yanghua Xiao , Hongcheng Guo

Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) challenges models to bridge the gap between natural language and strict knowledge graph schemas by generating executable logical forms. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced this field,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Xin Sun , Zhongqi Chen , Xing Zheng , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Bowen Song , Zilei Wang , Weiqiang Wang , Liang Wang

Considering a collection of RDF triples, the RDF-to-text generation task aims to generate a text description. Most previous methods solve this task using a sequence-to-sequence model or using a graph-based model to encode RDF triples and to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-24 Hanning Gao , Lingfei Wu , Hongyun Zhang , Zhihua Wei , Po Hu , Fangli Xu , Bo Long

Zero Reinforcement Learning (Zero-RL) has proven to be an effective approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by directly applying reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards on pretrained models,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Yuyuan Zeng , Yufei Huang , Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Jianfeng Yan , Guanghui Xu , Tao Yang , Fengzong Lian

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL)-based tuning has shifted the trajectory of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), particularly following the introduction of Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO). However, directly applying it…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Wenhui Zhu , Xuanzhao Dong , Xin Li , Peijie Qiu , Xiwen Chen , Abolfazl Razi , Aris Sotiras , Yi Su , Yalin Wang