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Transformers are mostly relying on softmax attention, which introduces quadratic complexity with respect to sequence length and remains a major bottleneck for efficient inference. Prior work on linear or hybrid attention typically replaces…

Attention mechanisms have become a core component of deep learning models, with Channel Attention and Spatial Attention being the two most representative architectures. Current research on their fusion strategies primarily bifurcates into…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Zhongming Liu , Bingbing Jiang

When examined through the lens of their residual streams, a puzzling property emerges in transformer networks: residual contributions (e.g., attention heads) sometimes specialize in specific tasks or input attributes. In this paper, we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Lorenzo Basile , Valentino Maiorca , Luca Bortolussi , Emanuele Rodolà , Francesco Locatello

The attention interaction matrix $QK^{\top}$ contains two entangled computations: a skew-symmetric component that redistributes information between positions (routing) and a symmetric component that scales mutual relevance (filtering). We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Shafayeth Jamil , Rehan Kapadia

Transformers have become the cornerstone of modern large-scale language models, but their reliance on softmax attention poses a computational bottleneck at both training and inference. Recurrent models offer high efficiency, but compressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xiuying Wei , Anunay Yadav , Razvan Pascanu , Caglar Gulcehre

The Transformer translation model is based on the multi-head attention mechanism, which can be parallelized easily. The multi-head attention network performs the scaled dot-product attention function in parallel, empowering the model by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-13 Hongfei Xu , Qiuhui Liu , Josef van Genabith , Deyi Xiong

Deep anomaly detection is a difficult task since, in high dimensions, it is hard to completely characterize a notion of "differentness" when given only examples of normality. In this paper we propose a novel approach to deep anomaly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Lucas Deecke , Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Hakan Bilen

Deep ConvNets suffer from gradient signal degradation as network depth increases, limiting effective feature learning in complex architectures. ResNet addressed this through residual connections, but these fixed short-circuits cannot adapt…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Soudeep Ghoshal , Himanshu Buckchash

The original softmax-based attention mechanism (regular attention) in the extremely successful Transformer architecture computes attention between $N$ tokens, each embedded in a $D$-dimensional head, with a time complexity of $O(N^2D)$.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Armin Gerami , Ramani Duraiswami

The attention mechanism in Transformers is an important primitive for accurate and scalable sequence modeling. Its quadratic-compute and linear-memory complexity however remain significant bottlenecks. Linear attention and state-space…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Han Guo , Songlin Yang , Tarushii Goel , Eric P. Xing , Tri Dao , Yoon Kim

Convolutional neural networks are the most successful models in single image super-resolution. Deeper networks, residual connections, and attention mechanisms have further improved their performance. However, these strategies often improve…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-12-09 Parichehr Behjati , Pau Rodriguez , Armin Mehri , Isabelle Hupont , Carles Fernández Tena , Jordi Gonzalez

Recent studies on interpretability of attention distributions have led to notions of faithful and plausible explanations for a model's predictions. Attention distributions can be considered a faithful explanation if a higher attention…

The quadratic computational complexity of standard attention mechanisms presents a severe scalability bottleneck for LLMs in long-context scenarios. While hybrid attention mechanisms combining Full Attention (FA) and Sparse Attention (SA)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Quantong Qiu , Zhiyi Hong , Yi Yang , Haitian Wang , Kebin Liu , Qingqing Dang , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Neural attention has become central to many state-of-the-art models in natural language processing and related domains. Attention networks are an easy-to-train and effective method for softly simulating alignment; however, the approach does…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-11-09 Yuntian Deng , Yoon Kim , Justin Chiu , Demi Guo , Alexander M. Rush

We introduced a {\it working memory} augmented adaptive controller in our recent work. The controller uses attention to read from and write to the working memory. Attention allows the controller to read specific information that is relevant…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-03-23 Deepan Muthirayan , Scott Nivison , Pramod P. Khargonekar

The past year saw the introduction of new architectures such as Highway networks and Residual networks which, for the first time, enabled the training of feedforward networks with dozens to hundreds of layers using simple gradient descent.…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2017-03-16 Klaus Greff , Rupesh K. Srivastava , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Attention regulates information transfer between tokens. For this, query and key vectors are compared, typically in terms of a scalar product, $\mathbf{Q}^T\mathbf{K}$, together with a subsequent softmax normalization. In geometric terms,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Claudius Gros

Attention is a core operation in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). We present BD Attention (BDA), the first lossless algorithmic reformulation of attention. BDA is enabled by a simple matrix identity from Basis…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Jialin Zhao

Recent trends of incorporating attention mechanisms in vision have led researchers to reconsider the supremacy of convolutional layers as a primary building block. Beyond helping CNNs to handle long-range dependencies, Ramachandran et al.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-13 Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier , Andreas Loukas , Martin Jaggi

In this effort, we propose a new deep architecture utilizing residual blocks inspired by implicit discretization schemes. As opposed to the standard feed-forward networks, the outputs of the proposed implicit residual blocks are defined as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-23 Viktor Reshniak , Clayton Webster