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Transformers have demonstrated effectiveness in in-context solving data-fitting problems from various (latent) models, as reported by Garg et al. However, the absence of an inherent iterative structure in the transformer architecture…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Liu Yang , Kangwook Lee , Robert Nowak , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

Looped Transformers have emerged as an efficient and powerful class of models for reasoning in the language domain. Recent studies show that these models achieve strong performance on algorithmic and reasoning tasks, suggesting that looped…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Ahmadreza Jeddi , Marco Ciccone , Babak Taati

Looped transformers promise test-time compute scaling by spending more iterations on harder problems, but it remains unclear which architectural choices let them extrapolate to harder problems at test time rather than memorize…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Asher Labovich

Looped Transformers offer a promising alternative to purely feed-forward computation by iteratively refining latent representations, improving language modeling and reasoning. Yet recurrent architectures remain unstable to train, costly to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Jacob Fein-Ashley , Paria Rashidinejad

Looped Transformers (LT) have emerged as a powerful architecture by iterating their layers multiple times before decoding the final token. However, pairing them with full attention retains quadratic complexity, making them computationally…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Chunyuan Deng , Yizhe Zhang , Rui-Jie Zhu , Yuanyuan Xu , Jiarui Liu , T. S. Eugene Ng , Hanjie Chen

The remarkable capability of Transformers to do reasoning and few-shot learning, without any fine-tuning, is widely conjectured to stem from their ability to implicitly simulate a multi-step algorithms -- such as gradient descent -- with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Khashayar Gatmiry , Nikunj Saunshi , Sashank J. Reddi , Stefanie Jegelka , Sanjiv Kumar

In-context learning has been recognized as a key factor in the success of Large Language Models (LLMs). It refers to the model's ability to learn patterns on the fly from provided in-context examples in the prompt during inference. Previous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Bo Chen , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song

One approach to robust control for linear plants with structured uncertainty as well as for linear parameter-varying (LPV) plants (where the controller has on-line access to the varying plant parameters) is through…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2008-08-20 J. A. Ball , Q. Fang , G. J. Groenewald , S. ter Horst

Recent work has shown that Transformers trained from scratch can successfully solve various arithmetic and algorithmic tasks, such as adding numbers and computing parity. While these Transformers generalize well on unseen inputs of the same…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Ying Fan , Yilun Du , Kannan Ramchandran , Kangwook Lee

Looped Transformers provide advantages in parameter efficiency, computational capabilities, and generalization for reasoning tasks. However, their expressive power regarding function approximation remains underexplored. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Kevin Xu , Issei Sato

Looped computation shows promise in improving the reasoning-oriented performance of LLMs by scaling test-time compute. However, existing approaches typically require either training recurrent models from scratch or applying disruptive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Taekhyun Park , Yongjae Lee , Dohee Kim , Hyerim Bae

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing language model's reasoning capabilities. However, generating long and correct CoT trajectories is challenging. Recent studies have demonstrated that Looped…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Qifan Yu , Zhenyu He , Sijie Li , Xun Zhou , Jun Zhang , Jingjing Xu , Di He

In mechanistic interpretability, recent work scrutinizes transformer "circuits" - sparse, mono or multi layer sub computations, that may reflect human understandable functions. Yet, these network circuits are rarely acid-tested for their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Karan Bali , Jack Stanley , Praneet Suresh , Danilo Bzdok

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful but often too slow and costly for real-world use during inference. Looped transformers save on parameters by reusing the same weights for multiple computational steps, or "loops." However, this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Bohong Wu , Mengzhao Chen , Xiang Luo , Shen Yan , Qifan Yu , Fan Xia , Tianqi Zhang , Hongrui Zhan , Zheng Zhong , Xun Zhou , Siyuan Qiao , Xingyan Bin

Looped language models (LoopLMs) improve parameter efficiency by recursively reusing Transformer blocks, enabling deeper computation under a fixed model size. However, this reuse makes LoopLMs more fragile under post-training quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Rui Fang , Hsi-Wen Chen , Ming-Syan Chen

Recursive (looped) Transformers decouple computational depth from parameter depth by repeatedly applying shared layers, providing an explicit architectural primitive for iterative refinement and latent reasoning. However, early looped…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Chengting Yu , Xiaobo Shu , Yadao Wang , Yizhen Zhang , Haoyi Wu , You Wu , Rujiao Long , Ziheng Chen , Yuchi Xu , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

We introduce training-free looped transformers, in which a lightweight inference-time wrapper loops a contiguous mid-stack block of layers of a frozen checkpoint without additional fine-tuning, continued training, or architectural changes.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Lizhang Chen , Jonathan Li , Chen Liang , Ni Lao , Qiang Liu

Large Transformer models routinely achieve state-of-the-art results on a number of tasks but training these models can be prohibitively costly, especially on long sequences. We introduce two techniques to improve the efficiency of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-19 Nikita Kitaev , Łukasz Kaiser , Anselm Levskaya

Training stability is of great importance to Transformers. In this work, we investigate the training dynamics of Transformers by examining the evolution of the attention layers. In particular, we track the attention entropy for each…

Recurrent neural networks are effective models to process sequences. However, they are unable to learn long-term dependencies because of their inherent sequential nature. As a solution, Vaswani et al. introduced the Transformer, a model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-28 Quentin Fournier , Gaétan Marceau Caron , Daniel Aloise
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