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Aligning multimodal generative models with human preferences demands reward signals that respect the compositional, multi-dimensional structure of human judgment. Prevailing RLHF approaches reduce this structure to scalar or pairwise…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Juanxi Tian , Fengyuan Liu , Jiaming Han , Yilei Jiang , Yongliang Wu , Yesheng Liu , Haodong Li , Furong Xu , Wanhua Li

Rubrics have been extensively utilized for evaluating unverifiable, open-ended tasks, with recent research incorporating them into reward systems for reinforcement learning. However, existing frameworks typically treat rubrics only as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Jiachen Yu , Zhihao Xu , Junjie Wang , Yujiu Yang

Imitation learning (IL) and reinforcement learning (RL) each offer distinct advantages for robotics policy learning: IL provides stable learning from demonstrations, and RL promotes generalization through exploration. While existing robot…

Memory-augmented LLM agents have advanced personalized recommendation, yet existing approaches universally adopt flat memory representations that conflate ephemeral signals with stable preferences, and none provides a complete lifecycle…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Xiang Shen , Yuhang Zhou , Yifan Wu , Zhuokai Zhao , Siyu Lin , Lei Huang , Qianqian Zhong , Lizhu Zhang , Benyu Zhang , Xiangjun Fan , Hong Yan

Generative reward models (GRMs) for vision-language models (VLMs) often evaluate outputs via a three-stage pipeline: rubric generation, criterion-based scoring, and a final verdict. However, the intermediate rubric is rarely optimized…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Weijie Qiu , Dai Guan , Junxin Wang , Zhihang Li , Yongbo Gai , Mengyu Zhou , Erchao Zhao , Xiaoxi Jiang , Guanjun Jiang

LLM-based automated scoring approaches near-human performance, but scaling to new tasks remains bottlenecked by the per-item human configuration of upstream stages such as rubric construction. Human experts bypass this bottleneck through…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Yun Wang , Xin Xia , Xuansheng Wu , Xiaoming Zhai , Ninghao Liu

Techniques for reliable rubric-based LLM evaluation -- ensemble judging, bias mitigation, few-shot calibration -- are scattered across papers with inconsistent terminology and partial implementations. We introduce Autorubric, an open-source…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Delip Rao , Chris Callison-Burch

Training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) come with challenges related to memory and computational requirements due to the increasing size of the model weights and the optimizer states. Various techniques have been developed to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Yehonathan Refael , Jonathan Svirsky , Boris Shustin , Wasim Huleihel , Ofir Lindenbaum

Large-scale finite element simulations of complex physical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDE) crucially depend on adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) to allocate computational budget to regions where higher resolution is…

Reinforcement learning based fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) on human preferences has been shown to enhance both their capabilities and safety behavior. However, in cases related to safety, without precise instructions to human…

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly improved the complex reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Despite these successes, existing methods mainly focus on single-domain RL (e.g., mathematics)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Baolong Bi , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Siqian Tong , Lingrui Mei , Yuyao Ge , Yilong Xu , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Evaluating retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems traditionally relies on hand annotations for input queries, passages to retrieve, and responses to generate. We introduce ARES, an Automated RAG Evaluation System, for evaluating RAG…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Jon Saad-Falcon , Omar Khattab , Christopher Potts , Matei Zaharia

We investigate how agents built on pretrained large language models (LLMs) can learn target classification functions from labeled examples without parameter updates. While conventional approaches like fine-tuning are often costly,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Jackson Hassell , Dan Zhang , Hannah Kim , Tom Mitchell , Estevam Hruschka

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training has become a trending paradigm for enhancing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Most existing RL systems for LLMs operate in a fully synchronous manner, where training must wait for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Zekai Qu , Yinxu Pan , Ao Sun , Chaojun Xiao , Xu Han

Reinforcement finetuning (RFT) has shown great potential for enhancing the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it is often sample- and compute-inefficient, requiring extensive training. In this work, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Taiwei Shi , Yiyang Wu , Linxin Song , Tianyi Zhou , Jieyu Zhao

Automated short-answer grading (ASAG) remains a challenging task due to the linguistic variability of student responses and the need for nuanced, rubric-aligned partial credit. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Haotian Deng , Chris Farber , Jiyoon Lee , David Tang

Process rewards have been widely used in deep reinforcement learning to improve training efficiency, reduce variance, and prevent reward hacking. In LLM reasoning, existing works also explore various solutions for learning effective process…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Xian Wu , Kaijie Zhu , Ying Zhang , Lun Wang , Wenbo Guo

Large language models (LLMs) excel at language understanding and generation, but their enormous computational and memory requirements hinder deployment. Compression offers a potential solution to mitigate these constraints. However, most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Huanrong Liu , Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Qingbiao Li , Li Li

This paper presents and evaluates a new retrieval augmented generation (RAG) and large language model (LLM)-based artificial intelligence (AI) technique: rubric enabled generative artificial intelligence (REGAI). REGAI uses rubrics, which…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Zach Johnson , Jeremy Straub

Post-training for large language models (LLMs) is constrained by the high cost of acquiring new knowledge or correcting errors and by the unintended side effects that frequently arise from retraining. To address these issues, we introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Yisu Wang , Ming Wang , Haoyuan Song , Wenjie Huang , Chaozheng Wang , Yi Xie , Xuming Ran