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As language models become increasingly capable, users expect them to provide not only accurate responses but also behaviors aligned with diverse human preferences across a variety of scenarios. To achieve this, Reinforcement learning (RL)…

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) diffusion model fine-tuning leverage reinforcement learning (RL) to align generated images with learnable reward functions. The existing approaches reformulate denoising as a Markov decision process…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xinyao Liao , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training have led to notable improvements in large language models (LLMs), particularly in enhancing their reasoning capabilities to handle complex tasks. However, most existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Zhenting Wang , Guofeng Cui , Yu-Jhe Li , Kun Wan , Wentian Zhao

Group Relative Policy Optimization(GRPO) has become a cornerstone of modern reinforcement learning alignment, prized for its efficacy in foregoing an explicit value-critic by leveraging reward normalization across sampled trajectory…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Redacted by arXiv

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) significantly enhances the reasoning performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, this success heavily relies on expensive external verifiers or human rules. Such dependency not only leads…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Nonghai Zhang , Weitao Ma , Zhanyu Ma , Jun Xu , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Jingwen Xu

We present a novel perspective on goal-conditioned reinforcement learning by framing it within the context of denoising diffusion models. Analogous to the diffusion process, where Gaussian noise is used to create random trajectories that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Vineet Jain , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Generative models, particularly diffusion models, have achieved remarkable success in density estimation for multimodal data, drawing significant interest from the reinforcement learning (RL) community, especially in policy modeling in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Jinouwen Zhang , Rongkun Xue , Yazhe Niu , Yun Chen , Jing Yang , Hongsheng Li , Yu Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a cornerstone for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) serving as the de facto standard algorithm. Despite its ubiquity, we argue that the core ratio…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Penghui Qi , Xiangxin Zhou , Zichen Liu , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Min Lin , Wee Sun Lee

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown strong generalization across tasks and embodiments; however, their reliance on large-scale human demonstrations limits their scalability owing to the cost and effort of manual data collection.…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Rushuai Yang , Hangxing Wei , Ran Zhang , Zhiyuan Feng , Xiaoyu Chen , Tong Li , Chuheng Zhang , Li Zhao , Jiang Bian , Xiu Su , Yi Chen

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning, particularly through Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), have significantly improved multimodal large language models for complex reasoning tasks. However, two critical limitations…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Jisheng Dang , Jingze Wu , Teng Wang , Xuanhui Lin , Nannan Zhu , Hongbo Chen , Wei-Shi Zheng , Meng Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Diffusion models have achieved impressive results in generative tasks such as text-to-image synthesis, yet they often struggle to fully align outputs with nuanced user intent and maintain consistent aesthetic quality. Existing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Dohyun Kim , Seungwoo Lyu , Seung Wook Kim , Paul Hongsuck Seo

Reinforcement learning has become the primary paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs) on complex reasoning tasks, with group relative policy optimization (GRPO) widely used in large-scale post-training. However, GRPO faces…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Amir Hossein Yari , Fajri Koto

Uniform Discrete Diffusion Model (UDM) has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for discrete generative modeling; however, its integration with reinforcement learning remains largely unexplored. We observe that naively applying GRPO to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Jiaqi Wang , Haoge Deng , Ting Pan , Yang Liu , Chengyuan Wang , Fan Zhang , Yonggang Qi , Xinlong Wang

Fine-tuning diffusion models via online reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great potential for enhancing text-to-image alignment. However, since precisely specifying a ground-truth objective for visual tasks remains challenging, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Haoran He , Yuxiao Ye , Jie Liu , Jiajun Liang , Zhiyong Wang , Ziyang Yuan , Xintao Wang , Hangyu Mao , Pengfei Wan , Ling Pan

Multi-agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) has recently demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on challenging multi-agent reinforcement learning tasks. However, MAPPO still struggles with the credit assignment problem, wherein the…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Aditya Kapoor , Benjamin Freed , Howie Choset , Jeff Schneider

We propose DeCoDi, a debiasing procedure for text-to-image diffusion-based models that changes the inference procedure, does not significantly change image quality, has negligible compute overhead, and can be applied in any diffusion-based…

Group-Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a key technique for training large reasoning models, yet it suffers from a critical vulnerability: the \emph{Think-Answer Mismatch}, where noisy reward signals corrupt the learning process. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Si Shen , Peijun Shen , Wenhua Zhao , Danhao Zhu

RLVR has become a widely adopted paradigm for improving LLMs' reasoning capabilities, and GRPO is one of its most representative algorithms. In this paper, we first show that GRPO admits an equivalent discriminative reformulation as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Feng Zhang , Xinhong Ma , Ziqiang Dong , Xi Leng , Jianfei Zhao , Xin Sun , Yang Yang , Guanjun Jiang

Blind face restoration usually synthesizes degraded low-quality data with a pre-defined degradation model for training, while more complex cases could happen in the real world. This gap between the assumed and actual degradation hurts the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-21 Zhixin Wang , Xiaoyun Zhang , Ziying Zhang , Huangjie Zheng , Mingyuan Zhou , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) offer the potential for parallel token generation, but most open-source MDLMs decode fewer than 5 tokens per model forward pass even with sophisticated sampling strategies, limiting their parallel…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Shirui Chen , Jiantao Jiao , Lillian J. Ratliff , Banghua Zhu