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Large language models (LLMs) offer transformative potential for clinical decision support in spine surgery but pose significant risks through hallucinations, which are factually inconsistent or contextually misaligned outputs that may…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Dong Chen , Yanzhe Wei , Zonglin He , Guan-Ming Kuang , Canhua Ye , Meiru An , Huili Peng , Yong Hu , Huiren Tao , Kenneth MC Cheung

While large language models (LLMs) can solve PhD-level reasoning problems over long context inputs, they still struggle with a seemingly simpler task: following explicit length instructions-e.g., write a 10,000-word novel. Additionally,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Wei Zhang , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Junfeng Fang , Yuanhe Zhang , Rui Wang , Ge Zhang , Xavier Li , Li Sun , Lingjuan Lyu , Yang Liu , Sen Su

Spatial reasoning is a core aspect of human intelligence that allows perception, inference and planning in 3D environments. However, current vision-language models (VLMs) struggle to maintain geometric coherence and cross-view consistency…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Qiyao Xue , Weichen Liu , Shiqi Wang , Haoming Wang , Yuyang Wu , Wei Gao

While logical reasoning evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted significant attention, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on multiple-choice formats that are vulnerable to random guessing, leading to overestimated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Qin Zhu , Fei Huang , Runyu Peng , Keming Lu , Bowen Yu , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Junyang Lin

Scientific texts often convey authority due to their technical language and complex data. However, this complexity can sometimes lead to the spread of misinformation. Non-experts are particularly susceptible to misleading claims based on…

Counterfactual reasoning is widely recognized as one of the most challenging and intricate aspects of causality in artificial intelligence. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in counterfactual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yuefei Chen , Vivek K. Singh , Jing Ma , Ruixiang Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities on general text; however, their proficiency in specialized scientific domains that require deep, interconnected knowledge remains largely uncharacterized. Metabolomics…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Yuxing Lu , Xukai Zhao , J. Ben Tamo , Micky C. Nnamdi , Rui Peng , Shuang Zeng , Xingyu Hu , Jinzhuo Wang , May D. Wang

Large Language Models tend to struggle when dealing with specialized domains. While all aspects of evaluation hold importance, factuality is the most critical one. Similarly, reliable fact-checking tools and data sources are essential for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Anum Afzal , Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Scientific equation discovery is a fundamental task in the history of scientific progress, enabling the derivation of laws governing natural phenomena. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained interest for this task due to their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Parshin Shojaee , Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen , Kazem Meidani , Amir Barati Farimani , Khoa D Doan , Chandan K Reddy

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in assisting scientific research, yet their ability to discover high-quality research hypotheses remains unexamined due to the lack of a dedicated benchmark. To address this gap, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yujie Liu , Zonglin Yang , Tong Xie , Jinjie Ni , Ben Gao , Yuqiang Li , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Erik Cambria , Dongzhan Zhou

Hybrid-reasoning large language models (LLMs) expose explicit controls over reasoning effort, allowing users or systems to trade off answer quality against inference cost. However, existing methods for adaptive thinking-mode selection are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Yansong Ning , Mianpeng Liu , Jingwen Ye , Weidong Zhang , Hao Liu

Recent large language models (LLMs) have advanced table understanding capabilities but rely on converting tables into text sequences. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) enable direct visual processing, they face limitations in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Bohao Yang , Yingji Zhang , Dong Liu , André Freitas , Chenghua Lin

Temporal reasoning is pivotal for Large Language Models (LLMs) to comprehend the real world. However, existing works neglect the real-world challenges for temporal reasoning: (1) intensive temporal information, (2) fast-changing event…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Shaohang Wei , Wei Li , Feifan Song , Wen Luo , Tianyi Zhuang , Haochen Tan , Zhijiang Guo , Houfeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) excel on many NLP benchmarks, but their behavior on real-world, semi-structured prediction remains underexplored. We present LlaMADRS, a benchmark for structured clinical assessment from dialogue built on the…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world, agentic settings where outputs must not only be correct, but also conform to predefined data schemas. Despite recent progress in structured generation in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Di Feng , Kaixin Ma , Feng Nan , Haofeng Chen , Bohan Zhai , David Griffiths , Mingfei Gao , Zhe Gan , Eshan Verma , Yinfei Yang , Zhifeng Chen , Afshin Dehghan

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive scores on standard benchmarks yet routinely fail questions that any human would answer correctly in seconds. We introduce BrainBench, a benchmark of 100 brainteaser questions spanning 20…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Yuzhe Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks requiring complex reasoning, such as code generation, mathematical problem solving, and algorithmic synthesis -- especially when aided by reasoning tokens and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Jaechul Roh , Varun Gandhi , Shivani Anilkumar , Arin Garg

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed across disciplines due to their advanced reasoning and problem solving capabilities. To measure their effectiveness, various benchmarks have been developed that measure aspects of…

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various natural language processing tasks by acquiring rich factual knowledge from their broad training data, their ability to synthesize and logically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-31 Tianshi Zheng , Jiaxin Bai , Yicheng Wang , Tianqing Fang , Yue Guo , Yauwai Yim , Yangqiu Song

The rapid evolution of code largelanguage models underscores the need for effective and transparent benchmarking of their reasoning capabilities. However, the current benchmarking approach heavily depends on publicly available,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Simin Chen , Pranav Pusarla , Baishakhi Ray