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Large language models (LLMs) in biomedicine face a fundamental conflict between static parameter knowledge and the dynamic nature of clinical evidence. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this by grounding generation in external…

其他定量生物学 · 定量生物学 2025-12-19 Jiawei He , Boya Zhang , Hossein Rouhizadeh , Yingjian Chen , Rui Yang , Jin Lu , Xudong Chen , Nan Liu , Douglas Teodoro

Multimodal neuroimaging analysis often involves complex, modality-specific preprocessing workflows that require careful configuration, quality control, and coordination across heterogeneous toolchains. Beyond preprocessing, downstream…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Lujia Zhong , Yihao Xia , Jianwei Zhang , Shuo huang , Jiaxin Yue , Mingyang Xia , Yonggang Shi

There are two main barriers to using large language models (LLMs) in clinical reasoning. Firstly, while LLMs exhibit significant promise in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, their performance in complex reasoning and planning falls…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Shengxin Hong , Liang Xiao , Xin Zhang , Jianxia Chen

Although Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong generalization in medical imaging, pathology presents unique challenges due to ultra-high resolution, complex tissue structures, and nuanced clinical semantics. These factors make…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Wenchuan Zhang , Jingru Guo , Hengzhe Zhang , Penghao Zhang , Jie Chen , Shuwan Zhang , Zhang Zhang , Yuhao Yi , Hong Bu

In modern medicine, clinical diagnosis relies on the comprehensive analysis of primarily textual and visual data, drawing on medical expertise to ensure systematic and rigorous reasoning. Recent advances in large Vision-Language Models…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Ziyue Wang , Junde Wu , Linghan Cai , Chang Han Low , Xihong Yang , Qiaxuan Li , Yueming Jin

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in healthcare, they often struggle with the complex, non-linear reasoning required for accurate clinical diagnosis. Existing methods typically rely on static, linear mappings…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Zhuohan Ge , Haoyang Li , Yubo Wang , Nicole Hu , Chen Jason Zhang , Qing Li

Dermatological diagnosis requires integrating fine-grained visual perception with expert clinical knowledge. Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) facilitate interactive medical image analysis, their application in dermatology…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yize Liu , Siyuan Yan , Ming Hu , Lie Ju , Xieji Li , Feilong Tang , Wei Feng , Zongyuan Ge

Large language models (LLMs) struggle in real-world clinical consultations. Single-turn consultation systems require patients to describe all symptoms at once, which often leads to unclear complaints and vague diagnoses. Traditional…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Yichun Feng , Jiawei Wang , Lu Zhou , Yikai Zheng , Zhen Lei , Yixue Li

Radiology Report Generation (RRG) through Vision-Language Models (VLMs) promises to reduce documentation burden, improve reporting consistency, and accelerate clinical workflows. However, their clinical adoption remains limited by the lack…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Marco Salmè , Federico Siciliano , Fabrizio Silvestri , Paolo Soda , Rosa Sicilia , Valerio Guarrasi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated significant potential in healthcare, particularly in disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Recent progress in Medical Large Vision-Language Models (Med-LVLMs) has opened up new possibilities…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Peng Xia , Kangyu Zhu , Haoran Li , Tianze Wang , Weijia Shi , Sheng Wang , Linjun Zhang , James Zou , Huaxiu Yao

Although numerous strategies have recently been proposed to enhance the autonomous interaction capabilities of multimodal agents in graphical user interface (GUI), their reliability remains limited when faced with complex or out-of-domain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Pengzhou Cheng , Lingzhong Dong , Zeng Wu , Zongru Wu , Xiangru Tang , Chengwei Qin , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely employed to mitigate risks such as hallucinations and knowledge obsolescence in medical question answering, yet its predominantly single-round, static retrieval paradigm misaligns with the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Yongfeng Huang , Ruiying Chen , James Cheng

The use of deep neural models for diagnosis prediction from clinical text has shown promising results. However, in clinical practice such models must not only be accurate, but provide doctors with interpretable and helpful results. We…

LLM-based multimodal emotion recognition relies on static parametric memory and often hallucinates when interpreting nuanced affective states. In this paper, given that single-round retrieval-augmented generation is highly susceptible to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Zeheng Wang , Zitong Yu , Yijie Zhu , Bo Zhao , Haochen Liang , Taorui Wang , Wei Xia , Jiayu Zhang , Zhishu Liu , Hui Ma , Fei Ma , Qi Tian

Medical large vision-language Models (Med-LVLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications but suffer from factual inaccuracies and unreliable outputs, posing risks in real-world diagnostics. While RAG has emerged as a potential solution,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Zhe Chen , Yusheng Liao , Zhiyuan Zhu , Haolin Li , Hongcheng Liu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Recent advancements in generative AI have fostered the development of highly adept Large Language Models (LLMs) that integrate diverse data types to empower decision-making. Among these, multimodal retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Aritra Kumar Lahiri , Qinmin Vivian Hu

Evaluating the clinical correctness and reasoning fidelity of automatically generated medical imaging reports remains a critical yet unresolved challenge. Existing evaluation methods often fail to capture the structured diagnostic logic…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Suzhong Fu , Jingqi Dong , Xuan Ding , Rui Sun , Yiming Yang , Shuguang Cui , Zhen Li

The rapid expansion of medical literature presents growing challenges for structuring and integrating domain knowledge at scale. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer a promising solution by enabling efficient retrieval, automated reasoning, and…

In recent years, accurately and quickly deploying medical large language models (LLMs) has become a trend. Among these, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has garnered attention due to rapid deployment and privacy protection. However, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Penglei Sun , Yixiang Chen , Xiang Li , Xiaowen Chu

Radiology report generation (RRG) aims to automatically produce diagnostic reports from medical images, with the potential to enhance clinical workflows and reduce radiologists' workload. While recent approaches leveraging multimodal large…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Ziruo Yi , Ting Xiao , Mark V. Albert
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