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Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP show strong zero-shot performance but struggle with generalization under distribution shifts. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting VLMs to unlabeled test data in new…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Hamidreza Dastmalchi , Aijun An , Ali cheraghian

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to address distribution shifts between source and target data by relying solely on target data during testing. In open-world scenarios, models often encounter noisy samples, i.e., samples outside the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Chentao Cao , Zhun Zhong , Zhanke Zhou , Tongliang Liu , Yang Liu , Kun Zhang , Bo Han

Quantum key distribution (QKD) security fundamentally relies on the ability to distinguish genuine quantum correlations from classical eavesdropper simulations, yet existing certification methods lack rigorous statistical guarantees under…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-04 Davut Emre Tasar , Ceren Ocal Tasar

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) enhances model robustness to out-of-distribution (OOD) data by updating the model online during inference, yet existing methods lack theoretical insights into the fundamental causes of performance degradation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Xiao Chen , Zhongjing Du , Jiazhen Huang , Xu Jiang , Li Lu , Jingyan Jiang , Zhi Wang

Low-end embedded devices are increasingly used in various smart applications and spaces. They are implemented under strict cost and energy budgets, using microcontroller units (MCUs) that lack security features available in general-purpose…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-20 Adam Caulfield , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes

Vision-Language Models seamlessly discriminate among arbitrary semantic categories, yet they still suffer from poor generalization when presented with challenging examples. For this reason, Episodic Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) strategies…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Matteo Farina , Gianni Franchi , Giovanni Iacca , Massimiliano Mancini , Elisa Ricci

Vision Transformers are being increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications that demand high reliability. It is crucial to ensure the correctness of their execution in spite of potential errors such as transient hardware errors. We…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-07 Haoxuan Liu , Vasu Singh , Michał Filipiuk , Siva Kumar Sastry Hari

Test-time adaptation (TTA) adapts the pre-trained models to test distributions during the inference phase exclusively employing unlabeled test data streams, which holds great value for the deployment of models in real-world applications.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Shuang Li , Longhui Yuan , Binhui Xie , Tao Yang

This paper introduces ReservoirTTA, a novel plug-in framework designed for prolonged test-time adaptation (TTA) in scenarios where the test domain continuously shifts over time, including cases where domains recur or evolve gradually. At…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Guillaume Vray , Devavrat Tomar , Xufeng Gao , Jean-Philippe Thiran , Evan Shelhamer , Behzad Bozorgtabar

Given a model trained on source data, Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) enables adaptation and inference in test data streams with domain shifts from the source. Current methods predominantly optimize the model for each incoming test data batch…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-18 Ziqiang Wang , Zhixiang Chi , Yanan Wu , Li Gu , Zhi Liu , Konstantinos Plataniotis , Yang Wang

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) is proposed to migrate a source pre-trained model to continually changing target distributions, addressing real-world dynamism. Existing CTTA methods mainly rely on entropy minimization or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Jiaming Liu , Ran Xu , Senqiao Yang , Renrui Zhang , Qizhe Zhang , Zehui Chen , Yandong Guo , Shanghang Zhang

Recent IoT applications gradually adapt more complicated end systems with commodity software. Ensuring the runtime integrity of these software is a challenging task for the remote controller or cloud services. Popular enforcement is the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-12-14 Yumei Zhang , Xinzhi Liu , Cong Sun , Dongrui Zeng , Gang Tan , Xiao Kan , Siqi Ma

Multivariate time-series anomaly detection (MTSAD) aims to identify deviations from normality in multivariate time-series and is critical in real-world applications. However, in real-world deployments, distribution shifts are ubiquitous and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 HyunGi Kim , Jisoo Mok , Hyungyu Lee , Juhyeon Shin , Sungroh Yoon

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has demonstrated significant potential in addressing distribution shifts between training and testing data. Open-set test-time adaptation (OSTTA) aims to adapt a source pre-trained model online to an unlabeled…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-24 Hao Dong , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink

We propose a method for test-time adaptation of pretrained depth completion models. Depth completion models, trained on some ``source'' data, often predict erroneous outputs when transferred to ``target'' data captured in novel…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Younjoon Chung , Hyoungseob Park , Patrick Rim , Xiaoran Zhang , Jihe He , Ziyao Zeng , Safa Cicek , Byung-Woo Hong , James S. Duncan , Alex Wong

We claim that existing techniques and tools for generating and verifying constant-time code are incomplete, since they rely on assumptions that compiler optimization passes do not break constant-timeness or that certain operations execute…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-27 Garrett Gu , Hovav Shacham

Test-time adaptation (TTA) enhances model robustness by enabling adaptation to target distributions that differ from training distributions, improving real-world generalizability. However, most existing TTA approaches focus on adjusting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Yewon Han , Seoyun Yang , Taesup Kim

Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses distribution shifts for streaming test data in unsupervised settings. Currently, most TTA methods can only deal with minor shifts and rely heavily on heuristic and empirical studies. To advance TTA under…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Shurui Gui , Xiner Li , Shuiwang Ji

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to adapt a source pre-trained model to continually changing target domains during inference. As a fundamental principle, an ideal CTTA method should rapidly adapt to new domains (exploration) while…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Pinci Yang , Peisong Wen , Ke Ma , Qianqian Xu

Time series encountered in practice are rarely stationary. When the data distribution changes, a forecasting model trained on past observations can lose accuracy. We study a small-footprint test-time adaptation (TTA) framework for causal…

统计金融 · 定量金融 2026-02-03 Yurui Wu , Qingying Deng , Wonou Chung , Mairui Li