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In many interactive decision-making settings, there is latent and unobserved information that remains fixed. Consider, for example, a dialogue system, where complete information about a user, such as the user's preferences, is not given. In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Jeongyeol Kwon , Yonathan Efroni , Shie Mannor , Constantine Caramanis

Unlike traditional reinforcement learning (RL), market-based RL is in principle applicable to worlds described by partially observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs), where an agent needs to learn short-term memories of relevant…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2007-05-23 Ivo Kwee , Marcus Hutter , Juergen Schmidhuber

In applications of offline reinforcement learning to observational data, such as in healthcare or education, a general concern is that observed actions might be affected by unobserved factors, inducing confounding and biasing estimates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-24 Andrew Bennett , Nathan Kallus

Applications of Reinforcement Learning (RL), in which agents learn to make a sequence of decisions despite lacking complete information about the latent states of the controlled system, that is, they act under partial observability of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-26 Qinghua Liu , Alan Chung , Csaba Szepesvári , Chi Jin

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) remain a core challenge in reinforcement learning due to incomplete state information. We address this by reformulating POMDPs as fully observable processes with fixed-length…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Wuhao Wang , Zhiyong Chen

The sense of touch, being the earliest sensory system to develop in a human body [1], plays a critical part of our daily interaction with the environment. In order to successfully complete a task, many manipulation interactions require…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2017-05-18 Jaeyong Sung , J. Kenneth Salisbury , Ashutosh Saxena

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are a powerful abstraction for tasks that require decision making under uncertainty, and capture a wide range of real world tasks. Today, effective planning approaches exist that…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-05-24 Sebastian Tschiatschek , Kai Arulkumaran , Jan Stühmer , Katja Hofmann

In most real-world reinforcement learning applications, state information is only partially observable, which breaks the Markov decision process assumption and leads to inferior performance for algorithms that conflate observations with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Hongming Zhang , Tongzheng Ren , Chenjun Xiao , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai

Recent benchmarks for memory-augmented reinforcement learning (RL) have introduced partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) environments in which agents must use historical observations to make decisions. However, these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Yongyi Wang , Lingfeng Li , Bozhou Chen , Ang Li , Hanyu Liu , Qirui Zheng , Xionghui Yang , Wenxin Li

We study model-based learning of finite-window policies in tabular partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). A common approach to learning under partial observability is to approximate unbounded history dependencies using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Philip Jordan , Maryam Kamgarpour

Delays frequently occur in real-world environments, yet standard reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms often assume instantaneous perception of the environment. We study random sensor delays in POMDPs, where observations may arrive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Armin Karamzade , Kyungmin Kim , JB Lanier , Davide Corsi , Roy Fox

Autonomous agents are limited in their ability to observe the world state. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) formally model the problem of planning under world state uncertainty, but POMDPs with continuous actions and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-07-08 Dicong Qiu , Yibiao Zhao , Chris L. Baker

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) and partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide useful tools for modeling dynamical systems. They are particularly useful for representing the topology of environments such as road networks…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2011-06-06 L. P. Kaelbling , H. Shatkay

We propose a new reinforcement learning algorithm for partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP) based on spectral decomposition methods. While spectral methods have been previously employed for consistent learning of (passive)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-06-20 Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Alessandro Lazaric , Animashree Anandkumar

In many practical settings control decisions must be made under partial/imperfect information about the evolution of a relevant state variable. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) is a relatively well-developed framework…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-30 Yanling Chang , Alfredo Garcia , Zhide Wang , Lu Sun

Noisy sensing, imperfect control, and environment changes are defining characteristics of many real-world robot tasks. The partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) provides a principled mathematical framework for modeling and…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2022-09-22 Mikko Lauri , David Hsu , Joni Pajarinen

This paper investigates manipulation of multiple unknown objects in a crowded environment. Because of incomplete knowledge due to unknown objects and occlusions in visual observations, object observations are imperfect and action success is…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2014-07-09 Joni Pajarinen , Ville Kyrki

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) model specific environments in sequential decision-making under uncertainty. Critically, optimal policies for POMDPs may not be robust against perturbations in the environment.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Maris F. L. Galesloot , Roman Andriushchenko , Milan Češka , Sebastian Junges , Nils Jansen

In many engineering systems, proper predictive maintenance and operational control are essential to increase efficiency and reliability while reducing maintenance costs. However, one of the major challenges is that many sensors are used for…

应用统计 · 统计学 2025-12-09 Boyang Xu , Yunyi Kang , Xinyu Zhao , Hao Yan , Feng Ju

We introduce a Transformer-based Reinforcement Learning framework for autonomous orbital collision avoidance that explicitly models the effects of partial observability and imperfect monitoring in space operations. The framework combines a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Thomas Georges , Adam Abdin