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AI incident reporting requirements are emerging in regulation and policy, yet no operational criteria exist for determining when a detected AI incident warrants escalation beyond national handling to international coordination. This paper…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Francesca Gomez , Matthew Ball , Michael Harre , Lydia Preston , Josephine Schwab , Caio Machado

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly improved medical screening accuracy, particularly in cancer detection and risk assessment. However, traditional classification metrics often fail to account for imbalanced data, varying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Longfei Wei , Fang Sheng , Jianfei Zhang

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly integrated into healthcare and pharmacy workflows, supporting tasks such as medication recommendations, dosage determination, and drug interaction detection. While these systems often…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Khalid Adnan Alsayed

Despite the scale of capital being deployed toward AI initiatives, no empirical framework currently exists for benchmarking where a firm stands relative to competitors in AI readiness and deployment, or for translating that position into…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2026-03-17 Dean Barr

Online A/B testing at scale relies on proxy metrics -- short-term, easily-measured signals used in place of slow-moving long-term outcomes. When the proxy-outcome relationship is heterogeneous across user segments, aggregate correlation can…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-04-17 Avinash Amudala

Mental health disorders are rising worldwide. However, the availability of trained clinicians has not scaled proportionally, leaving many people without adequate or timely support. To bridge this gap, recent studies have shown the promise…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Aishik Mandal , Prottay Kumar Adhikary , Hiba Arnaout , Iryna Gurevych , Tanmoy Chakraborty

This paper introduces BioAgent Bench, a benchmark dataset and an evaluation suite designed for measuring the performance and robustness of AI agents in common bioinformatics tasks. The benchmark contains curated end-to-end tasks (e.g.,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Dionizije Fa , Marko Culjak , Bruno Pandza , Mateo Cupic

The convergence of artificial intelligence, cyber-physical systems, and cross-enterprise data ecosystems has propelled industrial intelligence to unprecedented scales. Yet, the absence of a unified trust foundation across data, services,…

Reject Inference (RI) methods aim to address sample bias by inferring missing repayment data for rejected credit applicants. Traditional approaches often assume that the behavior of rejected clients can be extrapolated from accepted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Athyrson Machado Ribeiro , Marcos Medeiros Raimundo

As AI systems increasingly influence critical sectors like telecommunications, finance, healthcare, and public services, ensuring fairness in decision-making is essential to prevent biased or unjust outcomes that disproportionately affect…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-04-11 Avinash Agarwal , Mayashankar Kumar , Manisha J. Nene

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems increasingly permeate caregiving, educational, and emotionally sensitive domains, there is a growing need to assess national readiness beyond infrastructure and innovation capacity. Existing indices…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Prashant Mahajan

Many public-sector artificial intelligence systems fail not at the point of model development, but at the point of deployment. Systems that perform well in internal testing may still stall because the receiving institution lacks the…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Erika Fille Legara , Elmo Domino Jose , Paula Joy Martinez

Frontier AI safety claims - published assertions that a highly capable general-purpose model is below a threshold of concern, adequately mitigated, or suitable for release - increasingly shape model deployment, governance, and public trust.…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Varad Vishwarupe , Nigel Shadbolt , Marina Jirotka , Ivan Flechais

The rapid integration of generative AI into scientific research has exposed a critical gap in academic disclosure practice. Existing frameworks for reporting AI contributions are uniformly output-oriented -- they document what AI produced,…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Ahmad Al-Kabbany

Reliable uncertainty quantification is critical in high-stakes applications, such as medical diagnosis, where confidently incorrect predictions can erode trust in automated decision-making systems. Traditional uncertainty quantification…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-21 Hassan Gharoun , Mohammad Sadegh Khorshidi , Fang Chen , Amir H. Gandomi

Deep learning has enabled ECG diagnostic models with strong performance in tasks such as arrhythmia classification and abnormality detection. However, accuracy alone is insufficient for clinical deployment because it does not explain why a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Jong-Hwan Jang , Yong-yeon Jo

Current agentic AI benchmarks predominantly evaluate task completion accuracy, while overlooking critical enterprise requirements such as cost-efficiency, reliability, and operational stability. Through systematic analysis of 12 main…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Sushant Mehta

Prominent AI companies are producing 'safety frameworks' as a type of voluntary self-governance. These statements purport to establish risk thresholds and safety procedures for the development and deployment of highly capable AI.…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Sam Coggins , Alexander K. Saeri , Katherine A. Daniell , Lorenn P. Ruster , Jessie Liu , Jenny L. Davis

Over the past year, artificial intelligence (AI) companies have been increasingly adopting AI safety frameworks. These frameworks outline how companies intend to keep the potential risks associated with developing and deploying frontier AI…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-09-16 Jide Alaga , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Explainable AI (XAI) holds significant promise for enhancing the transparency and trustworthiness of AI-driven threat detection in Security Operations Centers (SOCs). However, identifying the appropriate level and format of explanation,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Nidhi Rastogi , Shirid Pant , Devang Dhanuka , Amulya Saxena , Pranjal Mairal