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In recent years, much progress has been made in learning robotic manipulation policies that follow natural language instructions. Such methods typically learn from corpora of robot-language data that was either collected with specific tasks…

End-to-end autonomous driving models trained solely with imitation learning (IL) often suffer from poor generalization. In contrast, reinforcement learning (RL) promotes exploration through reward maximization but faces challenges such as…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Xiaoji Zheng , Ziyuan Yang , Yanhao Chen , Yuhang Peng , Yuanrong Tang , Gengyuan Liu , Bokui Chen , Jiangtao Gong

Deep Research agents tackle knowledge-intensive tasks through multi-round retrieval and decision-oriented generation. While reinforcement learning (RL) has been shown to improve performance in this paradigm, its contributions remain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Yinuo Xu , Shuo Lu , Jianjie Cheng , Meng Wang , Qianlong Xie , Xingxing Wang , Ran He , Jian Liang

Post-training of flow matching models-aligning the output distribution with a high-quality target-is mathematically equivalent to imitation learning. While Supervised Fine-Tuning mimics expert demonstrations effectively, it cannot correct…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Yeyao Ma , Chen Li , Xiaosong Zhang , Han Hu , Weidi Xie

Imitation learning (IL) and reinforcement learning (RL) each offer distinct advantages for robotics policy learning: IL provides stable learning from demonstrations, and RL promotes generalization through exploration. While existing robot…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) optimizes the policy on a previously collected dataset without any interactions with the environment, yet usually suffers from the distributional shift problem. To mitigate this issue, a typical solution…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Qisen Yang , Shenzhi Wang , Qihang Zhang , Gao Huang , Shiji Song

Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods have emerged as a popular choice for training an efficient and effective dialogue policy. However, these methods suffer from sparse and unstable reward signals returned by a user simulator only when a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-09-18 Ziming Li , Sungjin Lee , Baolin Peng , Jinchao Li , Julia Kiseleva , Maarten de Rijke , Shahin Shayandeh , Jianfeng Gao

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a promising way to achieve human-like autonomous driving. However, the low sample efficiency and difficulty of designing reward functions for DRL would hinder its applications in practice. In light of…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-10-29 Zhiyu Huang , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

Embodied agents, such as robots and virtual characters, must continuously select actions to execute tasks effectively, solving complex sequential decision-making problems. Given the difficulty of designing such controllers manually,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Pedro Santana

Travel demand modeling has shifted from aggregated trip-based models to behavior-oriented activity-based models because daily trips are essentially driven by human activities. To analyze the sequential activity-travel decisions, deep…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Yuebing Liang , Shenhao Wang , Jiangbo Yu , Zhan Zhao , Jinhua Zhao , Sandy Pentland

Making decisions in complex driving environments is a challenging task for autonomous agents. Imitation learning methods have great potentials for achieving such a goal. Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning (AIRL) is one of the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-03-29 Pin Wang , Dapeng Liu , Jiayu Chen , Hanhan Li , Ching-Yao Chan

Intent detection, a critical component in task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems, faces significant challenges in adapting to the rapid influx of integrable tools with complex interrelationships. Existing approaches, such as zero-shot…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Zihao Feng , Xiaoxue Wang , Ziwei Bai , Donghang Su , Bowen Wu , Qun Yu , Baoxun Wang

Imitation learning (IL) is a simple and powerful way to use high-quality human driving data, which can be collected at scale, to produce human-like behavior. However, policies based on imitation learning alone often fail to sufficiently…

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) aims to find a set of high-performing and diverse policies that address trade-offs between multiple conflicting objectives. However, in practice, decision makers (DMs) often deploy only one or a…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2024-01-05 Ke Li , Han Guo

Approaches based on refinement operators have been successfully applied to class expression learning on RDF knowledge graphs. These approaches often need to explore a large number of concepts to find adequate hypotheses. This need arguably…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-06-30 Caglar Demir , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo

Learning-based approaches, such as reinforcement learning (RL) and imitation learning (IL), have indicated superiority over rule-based approaches in complex urban autonomous driving environments, showing great potential to make intelligent…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2022-05-31 Haochen Liu , Zhiyu Huang , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning large-scale generative models, such as diffusion and flow models, to align with complex human preferences and user-specified tasks. A fundamental limitation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Jinmei Liu , Haoru Li , Zhenhong Sun , Chaofeng Chen , Yatao Bian , Bo Wang , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Zhi Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) suffers from severe sample inefficiency, especially during early training, requiring extensive environmental interactions to perform competently. Existing methods tend to solve this by incorporating prior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Wenjun Cao

Real-world large language model deployments (e.g., conversational AI systems, code generation assistants) naturally generate abundant implicit user dissatisfaction (DSAT) signals, as users iterate toward better answers through refinements,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Yifan Wang , Bolian Li , Junlin Wu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Zheli Liu , Ruqi Zhang , Ananth Grama , Qingkai Zeng

Adaptive test-time compute for LLM agents aims to invoke extra computation only when it improves performance. Existing methods typically use confidence-, uncertainty-, or difficulty-based gates, assuming a fixed direction from the gating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Ziming Li , Jiatan Huang , Xiaoguang Guo , Guilin Wang , Chuxu Zhang