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Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have proven to be a crucial component of modern natural language processing systems. PLMs typically need to be fine-tuned on task-specific downstream datasets, which makes it hard to claim the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-13 Chenxi Gu , Chengsong Huang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Kai-Wei Chang , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Generative large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks, yet they remain susceptible to backdoor attacks: carefully crafted triggers in the input can manipulate the model to produce…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhan Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have seen significant advancements, achieving superior performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, from understanding to reasoning. However, they remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-28 Chen Chen , Yuchen Sun , Xueluan Gong , Jiaxin Gao , Kwok-Yan Lam

Large Language Models (LLMs), which bridge the gap between human language understanding and complex problem-solving, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot and zero-shot settings. Despite the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Shuai Zhao , Meihuizi Jia , Zhongliang Guo , Leilei Gan , Xiaoyu Xu , Xiaobao Wu , Jie Fu , Yichao Feng , Fengjun Pan , Luu Anh Tuan

Large language model (LLM) unlearning has become a critical mechanism for removing undesired data, knowledge, or behaviors from pre-trained models while retaining their general utility. Yet, with the rise of open-weight LLMs, we ask: can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Bingqi Shang , Yiwei Chen , Yihua Zhang , Bingquan Shen , Sijia Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in both text understanding and generation. Companies have begun to offer Embedding as a Service (EaaS) based on these LLMs, which can benefit various natural language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-05 Wenjun Peng , Jingwei Yi , Fangzhao Wu , Shangxi Wu , Bin Zhu , Lingjuan Lyu , Binxing Jiao , Tong Xu , Guangzhong Sun , Xing Xie

To mitigate the potential harms of Large Language Models (LLMs)generated text, researchers have proposed watermarking, a process of embedding detectable signals within text. With watermarking, we can always accurately detect LLM-generated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 William Guo , Adaku Uchendu , Ana Smith

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly impacted various domains, including Web search, healthcare, and software development. However, as these models scale, they become more vulnerable to cybersecurity risks,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Qin Liu , Wenjie Mo , Terry Tong , Jiashu Xu , Fei Wang , Chaowei Xiao , Muhao Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance, making them valuable digital assets with significant commercial potential. Unfortunately, the LLM and its API are susceptible to intellectual property theft.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-25 Shuai Li , Kejiang Chen , Kunsheng Tang , Jie Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kai Zeng

Backdoor attacks pose severe security threats to large language models (LLMs), where a model behaves normally under benign inputs but produces malicious outputs when a hidden trigger appears. Existing backdoor removal methods typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Jianwei Li , Jung-Eun Kim

With the advancement of intelligent healthcare, medical pre-trained language models (Med-PLMs) have emerged and demonstrated significant effectiveness in downstream medical tasks. While these models are valuable assets, they are vulnerable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Cong Kong , Rui Xu , Weixi Chen , Jiawei Chen , Zhaoxia Yin

As open-source large language models (LLMs) like Llama3 become more capable, it is crucial to develop watermarking techniques to detect their potential misuse. Existing watermarking methods either add watermarks during LLM inference, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Yijie Xu , Aiwei Liu , Xuming Hu , Lijie Wen , Hui Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have seen significant advancements, achieving superior performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, they remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where models behave normally for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Chen Chen , Yuchen Sun , Jiaxin Gao , Xueluan Gong , Qian Wang , Ziyao Wang , Yongsen Zheng , Kwok-Yan Lam

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be misused to spread unwanted content at scale. Content watermarking deters misuse by hiding messages in content, enabling its detection using a secret watermarking key. Robustness is a core security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Abdulrahman Diaa , Toluwani Aremu , Nils Lukas

The huge supporting training data on the Internet has been a key factor in the success of deep learning models. However, this abundance of public-available data also raises concerns about the unauthorized exploitation of datasets for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-04-11 Ruixiang Tang , Qizhang Feng , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Xia Hu

Watermarking acts as a critical safeguard in text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs). By embedding identifiable signals into model outputs, watermarking enables reliable attribution and enhances the security of machine-generated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Yukang Lin , Jiahao Shao , Shuoran Jiang , Wentao Zhu , Bingjie Lu , Xiangping Wu , Joanna Siebert , Qingcai Chen

Backdoor attacks are a significant threat to large language models (LLMs), often embedded via public checkpoints, yet existing defenses rely on impractical assumptions about trigger settings. To address this challenge, we propose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Liang Lin , Miao Yu , Moayad Aloqaily , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Linsey Pang , Prakhar Mehrotra , Qingsong Wen

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), causing them to exhibit anomalous behavior under specific trigger conditions. The design of backdoor triggers has evolved from fixed triggers to dynamic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Haotian Jin , Yang Li , Haihui Fan , Lin Shen , Xiangfang Li , Bo Li

Recent developments in Large Language Models (LLMs) have manifested significant advancements. To facilitate safeguards against malicious exploitation, a body of research has concentrated on aligning LLMs with human preferences and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Yuanpu Cao , Bochuan Cao , Jinghui Chen

The Large Language Model (LLM) watermark is a newly emerging technique that shows promise in addressing concerns surrounding LLM copyright, monitoring AI-generated text, and preventing its misuse. The LLM watermark scheme commonly includes…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Zhaoxi Zhang , Xiaomei Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Chao Chen , Shengshan Hu , Asif Gill , Shirui Pan
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