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Agent skills - structured packages of instructions, scripts, and references that augment a large language model (LLM) without modifying the model itself - have moved from convenience to first-class deployment artifact. The runtime that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Alfredo Metere

LLM agents increasingly rely on reusable skill libraries, but these skills silently decay as the external services, packages, APIs, and configurations they reference evolve. Existing monitors detect such changes at the wrong granularity:…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Linfeng Fan , Yuan Tian , Ziwei Li , Zhiwu Lu

Agentic AI has been a topic of great interest recently. A Large Language Model (LLM) agent involves one or more LLMs in the back-end. In the front end, it conducts autonomous decision-making by combining the LLM outputs with results…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Yuntong Zhang , Sungmin Kang , Ruijie Meng , Marcel Böhme , Abhik Roychoudhury

AI systems have become increasingly capable of dangerous behaviours in many domains. This raises the question: Do models sometimes choose to violate human instructions in order to perform behaviour that is more useful for certain goals? We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Jonas Wiedermann-Möller , Leonard Dung , Maksym Andriushchenko

Large Language Model (LLM) agents face security vulnerabilities spanning AI-specific and traditional software domains, yet current research addresses these separately. This study bridges this gap through comparative evaluation of Function…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Tarek Gasmi , Ramzi Guesmi , Ines Belhadj , Jihene Bennaceur

Open agentic systems combine LLM-based planning with external capabilities, persistent memory, and privileged execution. They are used in coding assistants, browser copilots, and enterprise automation. OpenClaw is a visible instance of this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Shiping Chen , Qin Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Xu Wang , Liming Zhu

Programmatic skills in LLM ecosystems consist of a natural-language description and executable implementation files. Users and LLMs rely on the description to understand the skill's scope. However, the implementation may perform…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Wenhui He , Yue Li , Bang Fu , Huan Xing , Xing Fan , ZeHua Zhang , Baoning Niu

Code agents powered by large language models can execute shell commands on behalf of users, introducing severe security vulnerabilities. This paper presents a two-phase security analysis of the OpenClaw platform. As an open-source AI agent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Zhengyang Shan , Jiayun Xin , Yue Zhang , Minghui Xu

Large language model (LLM) ecosystems such as Claude Code and ChatGPT increasingly rely on skills: packages of natural-language instructions and executable tools. Once in the LLM's context, skill content cannot be reliably separated from…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Tingda Shen , Yebo Feng , Konglin Zhu , Xiaojun Jia , Yang Liu , Lin Zhang

Autonomous browsing agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate web-based tasks. However, their reliance on dynamic content, tool execution, and user-provided data exposes them to a broad attack surface.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Mykyta Mudryi , Markiyan Chaklosh , Grzegorz Wójcik

Autonomous agent frameworks built upon large language models (LLMs) are evolving into complex, tool-integrated, and continuously operating systems, introducing security risks beyond traditional prompt-level vulnerabilities. As this paradigm…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Luyao Xu , Xiang Chen

AI agents that leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly becoming core building blocks of modern software systems. A wide range of frameworks is now available to support the specification of such applications. These frameworks…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Yuval David

Autonomous AI agents powered by Large Language Models can reason, plan, and execute complex tasks, but their ability to autonomously retrieve information and run code introduces significant security risks. Existing approaches attempt to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Hongyi Lu , Nian Liu , Shuai Wang , Fengwei Zhang

With AI agents increasingly deployed as long-running systems, it becomes essential to autonomously construct and continuously evolve customized software to enable interaction within dynamic environments. Yet, existing benchmarks evaluate…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in software vulnerability detection, particularly on function-level benchmarks like Devign and BigVul. However, real-world detection requires interprocedural analysis, as vulnerabilities often…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Alperen Yildiz , Sin G. Teo , Yiling Lou , Yebo Feng , Chong Wang , Dinil M. Divakaran

We stress-tested 16 leading models from multiple developers in hypothetical corporate environments to identify potentially risky agentic behaviors before they cause real harm. In the scenarios, we allowed models to autonomously send emails…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Aengus Lynch , Benjamin Wright , Caleb Larson , Stuart J. Ritchie , Soren Mindermann , Evan Hubinger , Ethan Perez , Kevin Troy

LLM agents call tools, query databases, delegate tasks, and trigger external side effects. Once an agent system can act in the world, the question is no longer only whether harmful actions can be prevented--it is whether those actions…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Yi Nian , Aojie Yuan , Haiyue Zhang , Jiate Li , Yue Zhao

As autonomous agents (e.g., OpenClaw) increasingly operate with deep system-level privileges to execute complex tasks, they introduce severe, unmitigated security risks. Current vulnerability analyses overwhelmingly focus on single-turn,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Jianan Ma , Xiaohu Du , Ruixiao Lin , Yaoxiang Bian , Jialuo Chen , Jingyi Wang , Xiaofang Yang , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Xinhao Deng , Zhen Wang

Skills, i.e., structured workflow instructions distilled for large language models (LLMs), are becoming an increasingly important mechanism for improving agent performance on real-world downstream tasks. However, as the open-source skill…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Jiahao Ying , Boxian Ai , Wei Tang , Siyuan Liu , Yixin Cao

Recent advancements in Web AI agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in addressing complex web navigation tasks. However, emerging research shows that these agents exhibit greater vulnerability compared to standalone Large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Jeffrey Yang Fan Chiang , Seungjae Lee , Jia-Bin Huang , Furong Huang , Yizheng Chen