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LLM agents process trusted instructions, retrieved records, and tool observations through a common generative channel. This conflates data flow with authority: an untrusted string can affect a secret-bearing response or an action proposal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Faruk Alpay , Taylan Alpay

LLM-integrated applications and agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where adversaries embed malicious instructions within seemingly benign input data to manipulate the LLM's intended behavior. Recent defenses based on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Sarthak Choudhary , Divyam Anshumaan , Nils Palumbo , Somesh Jha

The advent of Large Language Models LLMs marks a milestone in Artificial Intelligence, altering how machines comprehend and generate human language. However, LLMs are vulnerable to malicious prompt injection attacks, where crafted inputs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Sahasra Kokkula , Somanathan R , Nandavardhan R , Aashishkumar , G Divya

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents are an emerging computing paradigm that blends generative machine learning with tools such as code interpreters, web browsing, email, and more generally, external resources. These agent-based systems…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Xiaohan Fu , Shuheng Li , Zihan Wang , Yihao Liu , Rajesh K. Gupta , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Earlence Fernandes

The rapid adoption of Large Language Model (LLM) agents and multi-agent systems enables remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and generation. However, these systems introduce security vulnerabilities that extend beyond…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Matteo Lupinacci , Francesco Aurelio Pironti , Francesco Blefari , Francesco Romeo , Luigi Arena , Angelo Furfaro

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in a paradigm shift towards autonomous agents, necessitating robust security against Prompt Injection (PI) vulnerabilities where untrusted inputs hijack agent behaviors. This SoK…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Peiran Wang , Xinfeng Li , Chong Xiang , Jinghuai Zhang , Ying Li , Lixia Zhang , Xiaofeng Wang , Yuan Tian

Large language models (LLMs) and their applications, such as agents, are highly vulnerable to prompt injection attacks. State-of-the-art prompt injection detection methods have the following limitations: (1) their effectiveness degrades…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Yanting Wang , Wei Zou , Runpeng Geng , Jinyuan Jia

Powerful autonomous systems, which reason, plan, and converse using and between numerous tools and agents, are made possible by Large Language Models (LLMs), Vision-Language Models (VLMs), and new agentic AI systems, like LangChain and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Toqeer Ali Syed , Mishal Ateeq Almutairi , Mahmoud Abdel Moaty

The rise of Large Language Model (LLM) agents, augmented with tool use, skills, and external knowledge, has introduced new security risks. Among them, prompt injection attacks, where adversaries embed malicious instructions into the agent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Shihao Weng , Yang Feng , Jinrui Zhang , Xiaofei Xie , Jiongchi Yu , Jia Liu

Large Language Model (LLM) agents offer a powerful new paradigm for solving various problems by combining natural language reasoning with the execution of external tools. However, their dynamic and non-transparent behavior introduces…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Peiran Wang , Yang Liu , Yunfei Lu , Yifeng Cai , Hongbo Chen , Qingyou Yang , Jie Zhang , Jue Hong , Ye Wu

Large language model (LLM)-based agents combine LLMs with external tools to automate tasks such as scheduling meetings, managing documents, or booking travel. While these integrations unlock powerful capabilities, they also create new and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Jonathan Evertz , Merlin Chlosta , Lea Schönherr , Thorsten Eisenhofer

LLM-powered applications routinely embed secrets in system prompts, yet models can be tricked into revealing them. We built an adaptive attacker that evolves its strategies over hundreds of rounds and tested it against nine defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Priyal Deep , Shane Emmons , Amy Fox , Kyle Bacon , Kelley McAllister , Peter Ortiz , Krisztian Flautner

Multimodal agents built on large vision-language models (LVLMs) are increasingly deployed in open-world settings but remain highly vulnerable to prompt injection, especially through visual inputs. We introduce AgentTypo, a black-box…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yanjie Li , Yiming Cao , Dong Wang , Bin Xiao

Large Language Model (LLM) agents can leverage tools such as Google Search to complete complex tasks. However, this tool usage introduces the risk of indirect prompt injections, where malicious instructions hidden in tool outputs can…

Enabling continual learning in LLMs remains a key unresolved research challenge. In a recent announcement, a frontier LLM company made a step towards this by introducing Agent Skills, a framework that equips agents with new knowledge based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 David Schmotz , Sahar Abdelnabi , Maksym Andriushchenko

AI agents are autonomous systems that combine LLMs with external tools to solve complex tasks. While such tools extend capability, improper tool permissions introduce security risks such as indirect prompt injection and tool misuse. We…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Roy Betser , Shamik Bose , Amit Giloni , Chiara Picardi , Sindhu Padakandla , Roman Vainshtein

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external tools (file operations, API calls, database transactions) to autonomously complete complex multi-step tasks. Practitioners deploy defense-trained models to protect against…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Shawn Li , Yue Zhao

Automated evaluation of tool-using large language model (LLM) agents is widely assumed to be reliable, but this assumption has rarely been validated against human annotation. We introduce AgentProp-Bench, a 2,000-task benchmark with 2,300…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Bhaskar Gurram

Web agents powered by vision-language models (VLMs) enable autonomous interaction with web environments by perceiving and acting on both visual and textual webpage content to accomplish user-specified tasks. However, they are highly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Yulin Chen , Tri Cao , Haoran Li , Yue Liu , Yibo Li , Yufei He , Le Minh Khoi , Yangqiu Song , Shuicheng Yan , Bryan Hooi

Application designers have moved to integrate large language models (LLMs) into their products. However, many LLM-integrated applications are vulnerable to prompt injections. While attempts have been made to address this problem by building…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Dennis Jacob , Hend Alzahrani , Zhanhao Hu , Basel Alomair , David Wagner