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Vision-language models (VLMs) extend large language models (LLMs) with vision encoders, enabling text generation conditioned on both images and text. However, this multimodal integration expands the attack surface by exposing the model to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Kaiyuan Cui , Yige Li , Yutao Wu , Xingjun Ma , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie , Hanxun Huang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with multimodal reasoning capabilities are high-value attack targets, given their potential for handling complex multimodal harmful tasks. Mainstream black-box jailbreak attacks on VLMs work by distributing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Yu Yan , Sheng Sun , Shengjia Cheng , Teli Liu , Mingfeng Li , Min Liu

Recent advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have underscored their superiority in various multimodal tasks. However, the adversarial robustness of VLMs has not been fully explored. Existing methods mainly assess robustness…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Ruofan Wang , Xingjun Ma , Hanxu Zhou , Chuanjun Ji , Guangnan Ye , Yu-Gang Jiang

The integration of new modalities into frontier AI systems offers exciting capabilities, but also increases the possibility such systems can be adversarially manipulated in undesirable ways. In this work, we focus on a popular class of…

Jailbreaking attacks can effectively induce unsafe behaviors in Large Language Models (LLMs); however, the transferability of these attacks across different models remains limited. This study aims to understand and enhance the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Junxiao Yang , Zhexin Zhang , Shiyao Cui , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Large vision-language models (VLMs) often exhibit weakened safety alignment with the integration of the visual modality. Even when text prompts contain explicit harmful intent, adding an image can substantially increase jailbreak success…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Zhihua Wei , Qiang Li , Jian Ruan , Zhenxin Qin , Leilei Wen , Dongrui Liu , Wen Shen

Existing gradient-based jailbreak attacks on Large Language Models (LLMs) typically optimize adversarial suffixes to align the LLM output with predefined target responses. However, restricting the objective as inducing fixed targets…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Xinzhe Huang , Wenjing Hu , Tianhang Zheng , Kedong Xiu , Xiaojun Jia , Di Wang , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

We present a novel black-box jailbreaking framework that integrates multiple LLM-as-Attacker strategies to deliver highly transferable and effective attacks. The framework is grounded in three key insights from prior jailbreaking research…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Yiqi Yang , Hongye Fu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed in safety-critical applications, their vulnerability to potential jailbreaks -- malicious prompts that can disable the safety mechanism of LLMs -- has attracted growing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Jiahao Zhang , Zilong Wang , Ruofan Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite advanced general capabilities, still suffer from numerous safety risks, especially jailbreak attacks that bypass safety protocols. Understanding these vulnerabilities through black-box jailbreak…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Yao Huang , Yitong Sun , Shouwei Ruan , Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Xingxing Wei

Vision-language models (VLMs) achieve remarkable performance but remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Entropy, as a measure of model uncertainty, is highly correlated with VLM reliability. While prior entropy-based attacks maximize…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Mengqi He , Xinyu Tian , Xin Shen , Jinhong Ni , Shu Zou , Zhaoyuan Yang , Jing Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit impressive performance, yet the integration of powerful vision encoders has significantly broadened their attack surface, rendering them increasingly susceptible to jailbreak attacks. However, lacking…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Jiaxin Song , Yixu Wang , Jie Li , Rui Yu , Yan Teng , Xingjun Ma , Yingchun Wang

We introduce new jailbreak attacks on vision language models (VLMs), which use aligned LLMs and are resilient to text-only jailbreak attacks. Specifically, we develop cross-modality attacks on alignment where we pair adversarial images…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Erfan Shayegani , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

This paper focuses on jailbreaking attacks against multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), seeking to elicit MLLMs to generate objectionable responses to harmful user queries. A maximum likelihood-based algorithm is proposed to find an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-07 Zhenxing Niu , Haodong Ren , Xinbo Gao , Gang Hua , Rong Jin

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become integral to computing infrastructure, safety alignment serves as the primary security control preventing the generation of harmful payloads. However, this defense remains brittle. Existing jailbreak…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Mingrui Liu , Sixiao Zhang , Cheng Long , Kwok Yan Lam

The widespread practice of fine-tuning open-source Vision-Language Models (VLMs) raises a critical security concern: jailbreak vulnerabilities in base models may persist in downstream variants, enabling transferable attacks across…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Ruofan Wang , Xin Wang , Yang Yao , Juncheng Li , Xuan Tong , Xingjun Ma

With the significant advancement of Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs), concerns about their potential misuse and abuse have grown rapidly. Previous studies have highlighted VLMs' vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, where carefully crafted…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Yu Wang , Xiaofei Zhou , Yichen Wang , Geyuan Zhang , Tianxing He

This paper focuses on jailbreaking attacks against large language models (LLMs), eliciting them to generate objectionable content in response to harmful user queries. Unlike previous LLM-jailbreak methods that directly orient to LLMs, our…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Haoxuan Ji , Zheng Lin , Zhenxing Niu , Xinbo Gao , Gang Hua

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have remarkable abilities in generating multimodal reasoning tasks. However, potential misuse or safety alignment concerns of VLMs have increased significantly due to different categories of attack vectors.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini

Despite the outstanding performance of Large language Models (LLMs) in diverse tasks, they are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, wherein adversarial prompts are crafted to bypass their security mechanisms and elicit unexpected responses.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Zeqing He , Zhibo Wang , Zhixuan Chu , Huiyu Xu , Wenhui Zhang , Qinglong Wang , Rui Zheng
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