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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial when deploying deep neural networks in the real world to ensure the reliability and safety of their applications. One main challenge in OOD detection is that neural network models often produce…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Jinlun Ye , Zhuohao Sun , Yiqiao Qiu , Qiu Li , Zhijun Tan , Ruixuan Wang

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced out-of-distribution (OOD) detection recently. However, existing CLIP-based methods often focus on learning OOD-related knowledge to improve OOD detection, showing limited…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Xinhua Lu , Runhe Lai , Yanqi Wu , Kanghao Chen , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Memory-augmented language agents rely on embedding models for effective memory retrieval. However, existing training data construction overlooks a critical limitation: the hierarchical difficulty of negative samples and their natural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Motong Tian , Allen P. Wong , Mingjun Mao , Wangchunshu Zhou

Most classification and segmentation datasets assume a closed-world scenario in which predictions are expressed as distribution over a predetermined set of visual classes. However, such assumption implies unavoidable and often unnoticeable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-10-02 Petra Bevandić , Ivan Krešo , Marin Oršić , Siniša Šegvić

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to identify test examples that do not belong to the training distribution and are thus unlikely to be predicted reliably. Despite a plethora of existing works, most of them focused only on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Reza Averly , Wei-Lun Chao

While image-text representation learning has become very popular in recent years, existing models tend to lack spatial awareness and have limited direct applicability for dense understanding tasks. For this reason, self-supervised…

Data uncertainty is commonly observed in the images for face recognition (FR). However, deep learning algorithms often make predictions with high confidence even for uncertain or irrelevant inputs. Intuitively, FR algorithms can benefit…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-12-05 Lei Shang , Mouxiao Huang , Wu Shi , Yuchen Liu , Yang Liu , Fei Wang , Baigui Sun , Xuansong Xie , Yu Qiao

Recent studies have shown promising performance in open-vocabulary object detection (OVD) by utilizing pseudo labels (PLs) from pretrained vision and language models (VLMs). However, teacher-student self-training, a powerful and widely used…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Shiyu Zhao , Samuel Schulter , Long Zhao , Zhixing Zhang , Vijay Kumar B. G , Yumin Suh , Manmohan Chandraker , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL) leverages unlabeled data containing both in-distribution (ID) and unknown out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, aiming simultaneously to improve closed-set accuracy and detect novel OOD instances.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 You Rim Choi , Subeom Park , Seojun Heo , Eunchung Noh , Hyung-Sin Kim

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the safe deployment of neural networks. Existing CLIP-based approaches perform OOD detection by devising novel scoring functions or sophisticated fine-tuning methods. In this work, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Yixia Li , Boya Xiong , Guanhua Chen , Yun Chen

Classifying samples as in-distribution or out-of-distribution (OOD) is a challenging problem of anomaly detection and a strong test of the generalisation power for models of the in-distribution. In this paper, we present a simple and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-29 Nima Rafiee , Rahil Gholamipoor , Markus Kollmann

We consider the problem of single-source domain generalization. Existing methods typically rely on extensive augmentations to synthetically cover diverse domains during training. However, they struggle with semantic shifts (e.g., background…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Aishwarya Agarwal , Srikrishna Karanam , Vineet Gandhi

As deep neural networks become adopted in high-stakes domains, it is crucial to identify when inference inputs are Out-of-Distribution (OOD) so that users can be alerted of likely drops in performance and calibration despite high confidence…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Will LeVine , Benjamin Pikus , Jacob Phillips , Berk Norman , Fernando Amat Gil , Sean Hendryx

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has emerged as a popular technique to enhance the reliability of machine learning models by identifying unexpected inputs from unknown classes. Recent progress in pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Yuanwei Hu , Bo Peng , Yadan Luo , Zhen Fang , Ling Chen , Jie Lu

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVS) aims to segment images of arbitrary categories specified by class labels or captions. However, most previous best-performing methods, whether pixel grouping methods or region recognition methods,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Yuan Wang , Rui Sun , Naisong Luo , Yuwen Pan , Tianzhu Zhang

Real-world data often exhibit long-tailed distributions with numerous noisy labels, substantially degrading the performance of deep models. While prior research has made progress in addressing this combined challenge, it overlooks the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Mengke Li , Haiquan Ling , Yiqun Zhang , Yang Lu , Hui Huang

Detecting whether examples belong to a given in-distribution or are Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) requires identifying features specific to the in-distribution. In the absence of labels, these features can be learned by self-supervised…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Nima Rafiee , Rahil Gholamipoorfard , Nikolas Adaloglou , Simon Jaxy , Julius Ramakers , Markus Kollmann

Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient and effective method for fine-tuning vision-language models such as CLIP. While many studies have explored generalisation abilities of these models in few-shot classification tasks and a few…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Myong Chol Jung , Joanna Dipnall , Belinda Gabbe , He Zhao

To ensure satisfactory user experience, dialog systems must be able to determine whether an input sentence is in-domain (ID) or out-of-domain (OOD). We assume that only ID sentences are available as training data because collecting enough…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-08-01 Seonghan Ryu , Seokhwan Kim , Junhwi Choi , Hwanjo Yu , Gary Geunbae Lee

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection in semantic segmentation aims to localize anomalous regions at the pixel level, advancing beyond traditional image-level OOD techniques to better suit real-world applications such as autonomous driving.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Nimeshika Udayangani , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie