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RL-based post-training of language models is almost exclusively done using on-policy methods such as PPO. These methods cannot learn from arbitrary sequences such as those produced earlier in training, in earlier runs, by human experts or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Taco Cohen , David W. Zhang , Kunhao Zheng , Yunhao Tang , Remi Munos , Gabriel Synnaeve

When applying offline reinforcement learning (RL) in healthcare scenarios, the out-of-distribution (OOD) issues pose significant risks, as inappropriate generalization beyond clinical expertise can result in potentially harmful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Runze Yan , Xun Shen , Akifumi Wachi , Sebastien Gros , Anni Zhao , Xiao Hu

Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) are among the most successful policy gradient approaches in deep reinforcement learning (RL). While these methods achieve state-of-the-art performance across a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-22 Ahmed Touati , Amy Zhang , Joelle Pineau , Pascal Vincent

The high costs and risks involved in extensive environment interactions hinder the practical application of current online safe reinforcement learning (RL) methods. While offline safe RL addresses this by learning policies from static…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Keru Chen , Honghao Wei , Zhigang Deng , Sen Lin

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is challenged by the distributional shift between learning policies and datasets. To address this problem, existing works mainly focus on designing sophisticated algorithms to explicitly or implicitly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-18 Yang Yue , Bingyi Kang , Xiao Ma , Zhongwen Xu , Gao Huang , Shuicheng Yan

Reinforcement learning is a widely used approach to autonomous navigation, showing potential in various tasks and robotic setups. Still, it often struggles to reach distant goals when safety constraints are imposed (e.g., the wheeled robot…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Brian Angulo , Gregory Gorbov , Aleksandr Panov , Konstantin Yakovlev

Safety is a critical feature of controller design for physical systems. When designing control policies, several approaches to guarantee this aspect of autonomy have been proposed, such as robust controllers or control barrier functions.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-26 Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Santiago Paternain

Recent theoretical work studies sample-efficient reinforcement learning (RL) extensively in two settings: learning interactively in the environment (online RL), or learning from an offline dataset (offline RL). However, existing algorithms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-14 Tengyang Xie , Nan Jiang , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Yu Bai

While Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success across various domains, it remains vulnerable to occasional catastrophic failures without additional safeguards. An effective solution to prevent these failures is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Kyungmin Kim , Davide Corsi , Andoni Rodriguez , JB Lanier , Benjami Parellada , Pierre Baldi , Cesar Sanchez , Roy Fox

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (RL), by combining the benefits of offline pretraining and online finetuning, promises enhanced sample efficiency and policy performance. However, existing methods, effective as they are, suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Jianxiong Li , Xiao Hu , Haoran Xu , Jingjing Liu , Xianyuan Zhan , Ya-Qin Zhang

This paper considers the problem of solving constrained reinforcement learning (RL) problems with anytime guarantees, meaning that the algorithmic solution must yield a constraint-satisfying policy at every iteration of its evolution. Our…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-10-03 Pol Mestres , Arnau Marzabal , Jorge Cortés

To design effective digital interventions, experimenters face the challenge of learning decision policies that balance multiple objectives using offline data. Often, they aim to develop policies that maximize goal outcomes, while ensuring…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-03-24 Brian Cho , Ana-Roxana Pop , Ariel Evnine , Nathan Kallus

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (RL) leverages both pre-trained offline policies and online policies trained for downstream tasks, aiming to improve data efficiency and accelerate performance enhancement. An existing approach,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 JaeYoon Kim , Junyu Xuan , Christy Liang , Farookh Hussain

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods aim to learn optimal policies with access only to trajectories in a fixed dataset. Policy constraint methods formulate policy learning as an optimization problem that balances maximizing reward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Padmanaba Srinivasan , William Knottenbelt

Offline safe reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly important for cyber-physical systems (CPS), where safety violations during training are unacceptable and only pre-collected data are available. Existing offline safe RL methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Hsin-Jung Yang , Zhanhong Jiang , Prajwal Koirala , Qisai Liu , Cody Fleming , Soumik Sarkar

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in partially observable environments poses significant challenges due to the complexity of learning under uncertainty. While additional information, such as that available in simulations, can enhance training,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Yueheng Li , Guangming Xie , Zongqing Lu

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables learning effective policies from fixed datasets without any environment interaction. Existing methods typically employ policy constraints to mitigate the distribution shift encountered during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Tan Jing , Xiaorui Li , Chao Yao , Xiaojuan Ban , Yuetong Fang , Renjing Xu , Zhaolin Yuan

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims at learning a good policy from a batch of collected data, without extra interactions with the environment during training. However, current offline RL benchmarks commonly have a large reality gap,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-09 Rongjun Qin , Songyi Gao , Xingyuan Zhang , Zhen Xu , Shengkai Huang , Zewen Li , Weinan Zhang , Yang Yu

Online reinforcement learning (RL) enhances policies through direct interactions with the environment, but faces challenges related to sample efficiency. In contrast, offline RL leverages extensive pre-collected data to learn policies, but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Xuefeng Liu , Hung T. C. Le , Siyu Chen , Rick Stevens , Zhuoran Yang , Matthew R. Walter , Yuxin Chen

Most prior approaches to offline reinforcement learning (RL) have taken an iterative actor-critic approach involving off-policy evaluation. In this paper we show that simply doing one step of constrained/regularized policy improvement using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-06 David Brandfonbrener , William F. Whitney , Rajesh Ranganath , Joan Bruna