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Security applications are increasingly relying on large language models (LLMs) for cyber threat detection; however, their opaque reasoning often limits trust, particularly in decisions that require domain-specific cybersecurity knowledge.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Arnabh Borah , Md Tanvirul Alam , Nidhi Rastogi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) lifts the factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs) by injecting external knowledge, yet it falls short on problems that demand multi-step inference; conversely, purely reasoning-oriented approaches…

We present a systematic study of provider-side data poisoning in retrieval-augmented recommender systems (RAG-based). By modifying only a small fraction of tokens within item descriptions -- for instance, adding emotional keywords or…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Fatemeh Nazary , Yashar Deldjoo , Tommaso Di Noia , Eugenio Di Sciascio

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini has shown their powerful natural language generation capabilities. However, these models can inadvertently learn and retain sensitive information and harmful content…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Shang Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Wanlei Zhou

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating multimodal data (text, images, videos) into retrieval and generation processes, overcoming the limitations of text-only…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Lang Mei , Siyu Mo , Zhihan Yang , Chong Chen

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) plays a crucial role in the application of Large Language Models (LLMs), existing retrieval methods in knowledge-dense domains like law and medicine still suffer from a lack of multi-perspective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Guanhua Chen , Wenhan Yu , Xiao Lu , Xiao Zhang , Erli Meng , Lei Sha

The indexing-retrieval-generation paradigm of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been highly successful in solving knowledge-intensive tasks by integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs). However, the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Xun Liang , Simin Niu , Zhiyu Li , Sensen Zhang , Hanyu Wang , Feiyu Xiong , Jason Zhaoxin Fan , Bo Tang , Shichao Song , Mengwei Wang , Jiawei Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique used to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with contextually relevant, time-critical, or domain-specific information without altering the underlying model parameters. However,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Laurent Mombaerts , Terry Ding , Adi Banerjee , Florian Felice , Jonathan Taws , Tarik Borogovac

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential for tasks such as question answering and content generation. However, their increasing impact on public opinion and information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Yuyang Gong , Zhuo Chen , Jiawei Liu , Miaokun Chen , Fengchang Yu , Wei Lu , Xiaofeng Wang , Xiaozhong Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems respond to queries by retrieving relevant documents from a knowledge database and applying an LLM to the retrieved documents. We demonstrate that RAG systems that operate on databases with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Avital Shafran , Roei Schuster , Vitaly Shmatikov

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks such as those from medical domain. However, the sensitive nature of the medical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Nghia Trung Ngo , Chien Van Nguyen , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been an effective approach to mitigate hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) by incorporating up-to-date and domain-specific knowledge. Recently, there has been a trend of storing up-to-date…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Mingrui Liu , Sixiao Zhang , Cheng Long

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming the way information is retrieved with vast amounts of knowledge being summarized and presented via natural language conversations. Yet, LLMs are prone to highlight the most frequently seen…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Julien Delile , Srayanta Mukherjee , Anton Van Pamel , Leonid Zhukov

We introduce a novel graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework specifically designed for the medical domain, called \textbf{MedGraphRAG}, aimed at enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities for generating…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Junde Wu , Jiayuan Zhu , Yunli Qi , Jingkun Chen , Min Xu , Filippo Menolascina , Vicente Grau

In domains such as materials science, biomedicine, and finance, high-stakes deployment of large language models (LLMs) requires injecting private, domain-specific knowledge that is proprietary, fast-evolving, and under-represented in public…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Rongji Li , Jian Xu , Yi Chen , Xueqing Chen , Yisheng Yang , Jiayi Wang , Xingyu Chen , Chunyu Xie , Dawei Leng , Xu-Yao Zhang

In high-stakes information domains such as healthcare, where large language models (LLMs) can produce hallucinations or misinformation, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been proposed as a mitigation strategy, grounding model outputs…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Saeedeh Javadi , Sara Mirabi , Manan Gangar , Bahadorreza Ofoghi

Medical question answering (QA) requires extensive access to domain-specific knowledge. A promising direction is to enhance large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge retrieved from medical corpora or parametric knowledge stored…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Lei Li , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xian Wu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems extend large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources but introduce new attack surfaces through the retrieval pipeline. In particular, adversaries can poison retrieval corpora so…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Scott Thornton

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are vulnerable to knowledge base poisoning, yet existing attacks have been evaluated almost exclusively against vanilla retrieve-then-generate pipelines. Architectures designed to handle…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Samuel Korn