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In large language models like the Generative Pre-trained Transformer, the Mixture of Experts paradigm has emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing model expressiveness and accuracy. However, deploying GPT MoE models for parallel…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-18 Jinghan Yao , Quentin Anthony , Aamir Shafi , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar K. , Panda

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the key to scaling modern LLMs, yet little is understood about how their sparse routing dynamics respond to multilingual data. In this work, we analyze expert routing patterns using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Lucas Bandarkar , Chenyuan Yang , Mohsen Fayyaz , Junlin Hu , Nanyun Peng

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) based Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance and computational efficiency. However, their deployment is often constrained by substantial memory demands, primarily due to the need to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Jiawei Hao , Zhiwei Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Dan Zeng

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture in large language models, highlighting its ability to significantly enhance model performance while maintaining minimal computational overhead. Through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-24 Danyang Zhang , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Yingfang Yuan , Tianyang Wang , Joe Yeong , Junfeng Hao

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained popularity as a means of scaling the capacity of large language models (LLMs) while maintaining sparse activations and reduced per-token compute. However, in memory-constrained inference settings,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Vivan Madan , Prajwal Singhania , Abhinav Bhatele , Tom Goldstein , Ashwinee Panda

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models enable parameter-efficient scaling through sparse expert activations, yet optimizing their inference and memory costs remains challenging due to limited understanding of their specialization behavior. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Marmik Chaudhari , Idhant Gulati , Nishkal Hundia , Pranav Karra , Shivam Raval

Large language models (LLMs) encounter significant adaptation challenges in diverse multitask finetuning. Mixture-of-experts (MoE) provides a promising solution with a dynamic architecture, enabling effective task decoupling. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Rongyu Zhang , Yijiang Liu , Huanrui Yang , Shenli Zheng , Dan Wang , Yuan Du , Li Du , Shanghang Zhang

Expanding Large Language Models~(LLMs) to new languages is a costly endeavor, demanding extensive Continued Pre-Training~(CPT) and data-intensive alignment. While recent data-free merging techniques attempt to bypass alignment by fusing a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Hao Zhou , Tianhao Li , Zhijun Wang , Shuaijie She , Linjuan Wu , Hao-Ran Wei , Baosong Yang , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) presents unique challenges, requiring models to capture the temporal flow of multi-turn dialogues and to effectively integrate cues from multiple modalities. We propose Mixture of Speech-Text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Soumya Dutta , Smruthi Balaji , Sriram Ganapathy

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) underscore the significance of scalable models and data to boost performance, yet this often incurs substantial computational costs. Although the Mixture of Experts (MoE)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Yunxin Li , Shenyuan Jiang , Baotian Hu , Longyue Wang , Wanqi Zhong , Wenhan Luo , Lin Ma , Min Zhang

Pretraining on a large-scale corpus has become a standard method to build general language models (LMs). Adapting a model to new data distributions targeting different downstream tasks poses significant challenges. Naive fine-tuning may…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Wuyang Chen , Yanqi Zhou , Nan Du , Yanping Huang , James Laudon , Zhifeng Chen , Claire Cu

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures used in large language models (LLMs) achieve state-of-the-art performance across diverse tasks yet face practical challenges such as deployment complexity and low activation efficiency. Expert pruning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Xican Yang , Yuanhe Tian , Yan Song

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enables efficient scaling of large language models (LLMs) with sparsely activated experts during inference. To effectively deploy large MoE models on memory-constrained devices, many systems introduce *expert…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jingcong Liang , Siyuan Wang , Miren Tian , Yitong Li , Duyu Tang , Zhongyu Wei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures are increasingly adopted in large language models (LLMs) for their scalability and efficiency. However, their modular structure introduces a unique vulnerability: adversaries can attempt to compress or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Pinaki Prasad Guha Neogi , Ahmad Mohammadshirazi , Dheeraj Kulshrestha , Rajiv Ramnath

Sparsely Mixture of Experts (MoE) has received great interest due to its promising scaling capability with affordable computational overhead. MoE converts dense layers into sparse experts, and utilizes a gated routing network to make…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Yuan Xie , Shaohan Huang , Tianyu Chen , Furu Wei

Mixture-of-Experts based large language models (MoE LLMs) have shown significant promise in multitask adaptability by dynamically routing inputs to specialized experts. Despite their success, the collaborative mechanisms among experts are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Yuanbo Tang , Yan Tang , Naifan Zhang , Meixuan Chen , Yang Li

Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has become the standard for state-of-the-art large language models, owing to its computational efficiency through sparse expert activation. However, sparsity through finer expert granularity is becoming…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Jongseok Park , Sunga Kim , Zhenyu Gu , Ion Stoica , Alvin Cheung

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models enable efficient scaling of large language models (LLMs) by activating only a subset of experts per input. However, we observe that the commonly used auxiliary load balancing loss often leads to expert…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Hongcan Guo , Haolang Lu , Guoshun Nan , Bolun Chu , Jialin Zhuang , Yuan Yang , Wenhao Che , Xinye Cao , Sicong Leng , Qimei Cui , Xudong Jiang

This paper presents an evolutionary framework for the training of large language models(LLM). The models are divided into several experts(sub-networks), which have the same structure but different parameter values. Only one expert is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Yingshi Chen

Large language models (LLMs) excel in various tasks but are primarily trained on text data, limiting their application scope. Expanding LLM capabilities to include vision-language understanding is vital, yet training them on multimodal data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Shanshan Zhong , Shanghua Gao , Zhongzhan Huang , Wushao Wen , Marinka Zitnik , Pan Zhou