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Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning improves multi-step mathematical problem solving in large language models but remains vulnerable to exposure bias and error accumulation, as early mistakes propagate irreversibly through autoregressive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Shidong Cao , Hongzhan Lin , Yuxuan Gu , Ziyang Luo , Jing Ma

Complex Reasoning in Large Language Models can be dynamically optimized using Test-Time Scaling (TTS) to mitigate Overthinking. Methods such as Coconut, SoftCoT and its variant are effective in continuous latent space inference, the core…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Jiaqi Wang , Binquan Ji , Haibo Luo , Yiyang Qi , Ruiting Li , Huiyan Wang , Yuantao Han , Cangyi Yang , jiaxu Zhang , Feiliang Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit knowledge disparities across languages. Encouraging LLMs to \textit{abstain} when faced with knowledge gaps is a promising strategy to reduce hallucinations in multilingual settings. Current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Yuxi Sun , Aoqi Zuo , Wei Gao , Jing Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have demonstrated immense potential in autonomous driving (AD) by offering human-like reasoning and open-world generalization. However, the excessive computational overhead and high…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Ruoyu Yao , Ruiguo Zhong , Pei Liu , Mingxing Peng , Rui Yang , Jun Ma

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning but can still exhibit harmful behaviors. Current alignment strategies typically embed safety into model weights, making these controls implicit, static, and difficult to modify. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Xuanming Zhang , Yuxuan Chen , Samuel Yeh , Sharon Li

Counterfactual reasoning is widely recognized as one of the most challenging and intricate aspects of causality in artificial intelligence. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in counterfactual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yuefei Chen , Vivek K. Singh , Jing Ma , Ruixiang Tang

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit deficient reasoning or generate hallucinations. To address these, studies prefixed with "Self-" such as Self-Consistency, Self-Improve, and Self-Refine have been initiated. They share a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-19 Xun Liang , Shichao Song , Zifan Zheng , Hanyu Wang , Qingchen Yu , Xunkai Li , Rong-Hua Li , Yi Wang , Zhonghao Wang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

The development of Long-CoT reasoning has advanced LLM performance across various tasks, including language understanding, complex problem solving, and code generation. This paradigm enables models to generate intermediate reasoning steps,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Yanbo Wang , Yongcan Yu , Jian Liang , Ran He

Conditional diffusion models rely on language-to-image alignment methods to steer the generation towards semantically accurate outputs. Despite the success of this architecture, misalignment and hallucinations remain common issues and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Vasco Ramos , Regev Cohen , Idan Szpektor , Joao Magalhaes

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting can enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), establishing itself as a primary approach to solving complex reasoning tasks. Existing CoT synthesis approaches usually focus on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Xiaoxue Cheng , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent studies on post-training large language models (LLMs) for reasoning through reinforcement learning (RL) typically focus on tasks that can be accurately verified and rewarded, such as solving math problems. In contrast, our research…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Ang Lv , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Zhanhui Kang , Rui Yan

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has been extended to large audio-language models (LALMs) to elicit reasoning, yet enhancing its effectiveness without training remains challenging. We study inference-time model steering as a training-free…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Lok-Lam Ieong , Chia-Chien Chen , Chih-Kai Yang , Yu-Han Huang , An-Yu Cheng , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in handling complex tasks requiring both extensive knowledge and reasoning abilities. However, the existing LLM inference pipeline operates as an opaque process without…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Mingyu Jin , Weidi Luo , Sitao Cheng , Xinyi Wang , Wenyue Hua , Ruixiang Tang , William Yang Wang , Yongfeng Zhang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) tackle complex reasoning problems by following long chain-of-thoughts (Long CoT) that incorporate reflection, backtracking, and self-validation. However, the training techniques and data requirements to elicit…

Test-time compute has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs), where generating multiple outputs or refining individual chains can significantly boost answer accuracy. However, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Sheng Liu , Tianlang Chen , Pan Lu , Haotian Ye , Yizheng Chen , Lei Xing , James Zou

Current inference scaling methods, such as Self-consistency and Best-of-N, have proven effective in improving the accuracy of LLMs on complex reasoning tasks. However, these methods rely heavily on the quality of candidate responses and are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Bohan Zhang , Xiaokang Zhang , Jing Zhang , Jifan Yu , Sijia Luo , Jie Tang

Recent advances in reasoning models and agentic AI systems have led to an increased reliance on diverse external information. However, this shift introduces input contexts that are inherently noisy, a reality that current sanitized…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Seongyun Lee , Yongrae Jo , Minju Seo , Moontae Lee , Minjoon Seo

While Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning significantly improves Large Language Models (LLMs) performance on complex reasoning tasks, the substantial computational and memory costs of generating long CoT sequences limit their efficiency…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Liang Zhang , Yu Zhao , Longyue Wang , Tianqi Shi , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jinsong Su

Joint audio-visual reasoning is essential for omnimodal understanding, yet current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) still struggle when reasoning requires fine-grained evidence from both modalities. A central limitation is that…

Compressing long chains of thought (CoT) into compact latent tokens is crucial for efficient reasoning with large language models (LLMs). Recent studies employ autoencoders to achieve this by reconstructing textual CoT from latent tokens,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Xiaoshu Chen , Sihang Zhou , Ke Liang , Taichun Zhou , Xinwang Liu