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Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with problems that require multi-step reasoning. For small-scale open-source models, Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) fails when correct solutions are rarely sampled even…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Yihe Deng , I-Hung Hsu , Jun Yan , Zifeng Wang , Rujun Han , Gufeng Zhang , Yanfei Chen , Wei Wang , Tomas Pfister , Chen-Yu Lee

Cultivating higher-order cognitive abilities -- such as knowledge integration, critical thinking, and creativity -- in modern STEM education necessitates a pedagogical shift from passive knowledge transmission to active Socratic…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Mei Jiang , Haihai Shen , Zhuo Luo , Bingdong Li , Wenjing Hong , Ke Tang , Aimin Zhou

Despite widespread deployment of Large Language Models, systematic evaluation of instruction-following capabilities remains challenging. While comprehensive benchmarks exist, focused assessments that quickly diagnose specific instruction…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Richard J. Young , Brandon Gillins , Alice M. Matthews

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly relied upon for complex workflows, yet their ability to maintain flow of instructions remains underexplored. Existing benchmarks conflate task complexity with structural ordering, making it…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Andrew Jaffe , Noah Reicin , Jinho D. Choi

Self-improvement through post-training methods such as iterative preference learning has been acclaimed for enhancing the problem-solving capabilities (e.g., mathematical reasoning) of Large Language Models (LLMs) without human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-09 Ting Wu , Xuefeng Li , Pengfei Liu

Despite the strong performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on complex instruction-following tasks, precise control of output length remains a persistent challenge. Existing methods primarily attempt to enforce length constraints by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Wei Zhang , Lintong Du , Yuanhe Zhang , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Li Sun , Sen Su

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) often confronts challenges stemming from the heavy reliance on human annotators in the reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) framework, or the frequent and costly external queries…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu , Alois Knoll , Ming Jin

Recent advances in vision-language navigation (VLN) were mainly attributed to emerging large language models (LLMs). These methods exhibited excellent generalization capabilities in instruction understanding and task reasoning. However,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Xiangyu Dong , Haoran Zhao , Jiang Gao , Haozhou Li , Xiaoguang Ma , Yaoming Zhou , Fuhai Chen , Juan Liu

We introduce Speech-IFeval, an evaluation framework designed to assess instruction-following capabilities and quantify catastrophic forgetting in speech-aware language models (SLMs). Recent SLMs integrate speech perception with large…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-27 Ke-Han Lu , Chun-Yi Kuan , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu

Evaluating the instruction-following (IF) capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is essential for rigorously assessing how faithfully model outputs adhere to user-specified intentions. Nevertheless, existing benchmarks for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Weilei He , Feng Ju , Zhiyuan Fan , Rui Min , Minhao Cheng , Yi R. Fung

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, improving them solely through human supervision is becoming increasingly costly and limited in scalability. As models approach human-level capabilities in certain domains, human feedback…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Haoyan Yang , Mario Xerri , Solha Park , Huajian Zhang , Yiyang Feng , Sai Akhil Kogilathota , Jiawei Zhou

Standard training pipelines for large language models (LLMs) are typically unidirectional, progressing from pre-training to post-training. However, the potential for a bidirectional process--where insights from post-training retroactively…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Junjie Huang , Jiarui Qin , Di Yin , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Xing Sun , Weinan Zhang

Meta-reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) facilitates rapid adaptation to unseen tasks but faces challenges in long-horizon environments. Skill-based approaches tackle this by decomposing state-action sequences into reusable skills and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Sanghyeon Lee , Sangjun Bae , Yisak Park , Seungyul Han

Recent advances in large language models have laid the foundation for multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), which unify text, speech, and vision within a single framework. As these models are rapidly evolving toward general-purpose instruction following…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Sara Papi , Maike Züfle , Marco Gaido , Beatrice Savoldi , Danni Liu , Ioannis Douros , Luisa Bentivogli , Jan Niehues

Reinforcement learning with AI feedback (RLAIF) is a popular paradigm for improving the instruction-following abilities of powerful pre-trained language models. RLAIF first performs supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using demonstrations from a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Archit Sharma , Sedrick Keh , Eric Mitchell , Chelsea Finn , Kushal Arora , Thomas Kollar

Language models are trained to follow instructions, but they are also powerful pattern completers. What happens when these two objectives conflict? We construct conversations in which a user instruction to behave in a target way T (e.g.,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Carolina Camassa , Derek Shiller

Following natural instructions is crucial for the effective application of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), research on assessing and improving instruction-following…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Guanting Dong , Xiaoshuai Song , Yutao Zhu , Runqi Qiao , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen

As large language model (LLM) based systems take on high-stakes roles in real-world decision-making, they must reconcile competing instructions from multiple sources (e.g., model developers, users, and tools) within a single prompt context.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Zishuo Zheng , Vidhisha Balachandran , Chan Young Park , Faeze Brahman , Sachin Kumar

Embodied Instruction Following (EIF) studies how autonomous mobile manipulation robots should be controlled to accomplish long-horizon tasks described by natural language instructions. While much research on EIF is conducted in simulators,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-03-13 Yuki Inoue , Hiroki Ohashi