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Fine-tuning adapts a pre-trained model to downstream tasks using a small amount of labeled data. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is an efficient fine-tuning method that reduces memory and computation costs while often achieving performance close…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Ali Zindari , Rotem Mulayoff , Sebastian U. Stich

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a popular method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of generative models, valued for its simplicity and effectiveness. Despite recent enhancements, LoRA still suffers from a fundamental limitation:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Yeonjoon Jung , Daehyun Ahn , Hyungjun Kim , Taesu Kim , Eunhyeok Park

The scaling law of Large Language Models (LLMs) reveals a power-law relationship, showing diminishing return on performance as model scale increases. While training LLMs from scratch is resource-intensive, fine-tuning a pre-trained model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Yiyun Zhou , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen

As FMs drive progress toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), fine-tuning them under privacy and resource constraints has become increasingly critical particularly when highquality training data resides on distributed edge devices.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Gang Hu , Yinglei Teng , Pengfei Wu , Nan Wang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have emphasized the critical role of fine-tuning (FT) techniques in adapting LLMs to specific tasks, especially when retraining from scratch is computationally infeasible. Fine-tuning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Xiao Han , Zimo Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Maolin Wang , Zitao Liu , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely-used parameter-efficient finetuning method for large language models. LoRA saves memory by training only low rank perturbations to selected weight matrices. In this work, we compare the performance of…

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) through Transformer structures have dominated many machine learning tasks, especially text processing. However, these models require massive amounts of data for training and induce high resource…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Kilian Pfeiffer , Mohamed Aboelenien Ahmed , Ramin Khalili , Jörg Henkel

Fine-tuning is a crucial paradigm for adapting pre-trained large language models to downstream tasks. Recently, methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) have been shown to effectively fine-tune LLMs with an extreme reduction in trainable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Reece Shuttleworth , Jacob Andreas , Antonio Torralba , Pratyusha Sharma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in adapting to downstream tasks through fine-tuning. Federated Learning (FL) extends this capability by enabling collaborative fine-tuning across distributed clients…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Zikai Zhang , Rui Hu , Jiahao Xu

Pre-training Large Language Models (LLMs) on web-scale datasets becomes fundamental for advancing general-purpose AI. In contrast, enhancing their predictive performance on downstream tasks typically involves adapting their knowledge…

Continual fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is hampered by the trade-off between efficiency and expressiveness. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) offers efficiency but constrains the model's ability to learn new tasks and transfer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Chenxu Wang , Yilin Lyu , Zicheng Sun , Liping Jing

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), particularly Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has become a standard approach for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) under limited compute. However, in continual settings where models are updated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Hung Le , Svetha Venkatesh

Large language models (LLMs) have not yet effectively leveraged the vast amounts of edge-device data, and federated learning (FL) offers a promising paradigm to collaboratively fine-tune LLMs without transferring private edge data to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Arian Raje , Baris Askin , Divyansh Jhunjhunwala , Gauri Joshi

Federated fine-tuning has emerged as a promising approach to adapt foundation models to downstream tasks using decentralized data. However, real-world deployment remains challenging due to the high computational and communication demands of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Yajie Zhou , Xiaoyi Pang , Zhibo Wang

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been pivotal in advancing AI, with pre-trained LLMs being adaptable to diverse downstream tasks through fine-tuning. Federated learning (FL) further enhances fine-tuning in a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-11 Ziyao Wang , Zheyu Shen , Yexiao He , Guoheng Sun , Hongyi Wang , Lingjuan Lyu , Ang Li

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a milestone in aligning large language models with human instructions and adapting them to downstream tasks. In particular, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained widespread attention due to its parameter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , Xi-He Qiu , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai , Zheng Zhou

Fine-tuning large-scale pretrained models is prohibitively expensive in terms of computational and memory costs. LoRA, as one of the most popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, offers a cost-effective alternative by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 Shaowen Wang , Linxi Yu , Jian Li

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is widely studied for its effectiveness and efficiency in the era of large language models. Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has demonstrated commendable performance as a popular and representative method.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Zequan Liu , Jiawen Lyn , Wei Zhu , Xing Tian , Yvette Graham

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for human-like conversations, they are primarily pre-trained on text data. Incorporating audio or video improves performance, but collecting large-scale multimodal data and…

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks via full fine-tuning is increasingly impractical due to its computational and memory demands. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) approaches such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jing Gao , Zhong-Yi Lu , Pan Zhang , Ze-Feng Gao